The Main Concepts of ggplot2

ggplot2 is based on two main concepts: geometric objects and the Grammar of Graphics. The geometric objects in ggplot2 are the different visual structures that are used to visualize data. We will be going over them one by one. The Grammar of Graphics is the syntax that we use for the different aesthetics of a graph, such as the coordinate scale, the fonts, the color themes, and so on. ggplot2 uses a layered Grammar of Graphics concept, which allows us to build a plot in layers. We will work on some aspects of the Grammar of Graphics in this chapter, and will go into further details in the next chapter.