第二节 答案前置

一、考点介绍

答案前置就是答案内容在录音中先出现，但题目中的关键词或它的同义替换在录音中稍后才出现，所以这种考点又叫做关键词后置。它是雅思听力中的一大难点，并且在最近的考试中频繁出现。根据笔者对历次雅思听力题目的统计，该考点在每套考题中的出现概率为7.5%，即3道题左右。并且在4个Sections中都有可能会出现，是雅思听力备考中不可忽视的重要考点。

针对答案前置，一个较好的解决方法是做好预测，所谓“预测”就是在放音之前预测答案的词类、词性及词义。而由于出现答案前置的题目，录音中其答案与关键词前后间隔往往不超过一句话，所以只要能够正确画出关键词并且对答案有一定的预测，把题目做对并不困难。

二、真题示例

Example 1（Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1 Section 2 Question 12）

【真题回顾】

【听力原文】

And do stay at a safe distance from the tools: some of them have sharp points which can be pretty dangerous, so please don't touch them. We don't want any accidents, do we? The ground is very uneven, and you might slip if you're wearing sandals so I'm glad to see you're all wearing shoes—we always advise people to do that.

【考点点拨】

Fiddy Working Heritage Farm

Advice about visiting the farm

Visitors should

·not touch any 11 …………………

答案：tool/tools

预测：画出题目中的关键词not touch。根据题目中的not touch any…………，预知要填的是名词，表示不能触碰的某种东西。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这句话：And do stay at a safe distance from the tools: some of them have sharp points which can be pretty dangerous, so please don't touch them.

考点：答案前置。定位句中的don't touch和空格前的not touch是同义替换，后面的them指的就是前面所说的tools，答案就是tools，也可以写tool。该题的答案在关键词don't touch之前出现，即答案前置。

Example 2（Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 3 Section 1 Questions 9 and 10）

【真题回顾】

【听力原文】

SUE: Right. My husband will be particularly interested in that.

MARTIN: And there's going to be a talk and slide show about mushrooms—and you'll be able to go out and pick some afterwards and study the different varieties.

SUE: Uhuh. And is it possible for children to swim in the river?

MARTIN: Yes. Part of it has been fenced off to make it safe for children to swim in. It's very shallow, and there's a lifeguard on duty whenever it's open. The lake is too deep, so swimming isn't allowed there.

【考点点拨】

Paxton Nature Reserve

9 Visitors will be able to learn about………………and then collect some.

答案：mushrooms

预测：画出题目中的关键词learn about。根据题目中的learn about………，预知要填名词，表示能够了解的某种东西。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这句话：And there's going to be a talk and slide show about mushrooms—and you'll be able to go out and pick some afterwards and study the different varieties.

考点：答案前置。定位句中的study和空格前的learn about是同义替换，后面的different varieties指的就是前面所说的mushrooms，答案就是mushrooms。该题的答案在关键词study之前出现，即答案前置。

10 Part of the……………… has been made suitable for swimming.

答案：river

预测：画出题目中的关键词Part of、made suitable for swimming。根据题目中的the………，预知要填名词。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这段对话：

SUE: Uhuh. And is it possible for children to swim in the river?

MARTIN: Yes. Part of it has been fenced off to make it safe for children to swim in.

考点：答案前置。题目中的关键词part of在定位句中重现，后面的it指的就是前面所说的river，答案就是river。该题的答案在关键词part of之前出现，即答案前置。

Example 3（Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1 Section 1 Questions 9 and 10）

【真题回顾】

【听力原文】

WOMAN: Right. So what do we need to do after everyone's gone? Sweep the floors I suppose?

OFFICIAL: Well, actually they have to be washed, not just swept. Then you'll be provided with black plastic bags, so all the rubbish must be collected up and left outside the door.

WOMAN: Of course. We'll make sure everything's left tidy. Oh, and I forgot to ask, I presume we can have decorations in the room?

OFFICIAL: Yes, but you must take them down afterwards.

WOMAN: Sure.

OFFICIAL: And the chairs and tables should be stacked up neatly at the back of the room.

WOMAN: I'll make sure I've got a few people to help me.

【考点点拨】

HIRING A PUBLIC ROOM

After the event

·The 9………………must be washed and rubbish placed in black bags

答案：floor/floors

预测：画出题目中的关键must be washed。根据题目中的The……………，预知要填名词。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这段对话：

WOMAN: Right. So what do we need to do after everyone's gone? Sweep the floors I suppose?

OFFICIAL: Well, actually they have to be washed, not just swept.

考点：答案前置。定位句中的have to be washed和空格后的must be washed是同义替换，they指的就是前面所说的floors，答案就是floors，也可以写floor。该题的答案在关键词have to be washed之前出现，即答案前置。

·All 10………………must be taken down

答案：decoration/decorations

预测：画出题目中的关键must be taken down。根据题目中的All…………，预知要填名词。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这段对话：

WOMAN: Of course. We'll make sure everything's left tidy. Oh, and I forgot to ask, I presume we can have decorations in the room?

OFFICIAL: Yes, but you must take them down afterwards.

考点：答案前置。定位句中的must take...down和空格后的must be taken down是同义替换，them指的就是前面所说的decorations，答案就是decorations，也可以写decoration。该题的答案在关键词must take...down之前出现，即答案前置。

Example 4（Cambridge IELTS 8 Test 1 Section 2 Question 13）

【真题回顾】

【听力原文】

If you bring a school group to the museum, when you arrive we ask you to remain with your group in the car park. One or more of the tour guides will welcome you there and brief you about what the tour will be about. We do this there because our entrance is quite small and we really haven't got much room for briefing groups in the exhibition area.

【考点点拨】

The Dinosaur Museum

13 School groups are met by tour guides in the ………………… .

答案：car park/parking lot

预测：画出题目中的关键词School groups、met、tour guides。根据题目中的in the ………，预知要填表示地点的名词或名词词组。

定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这段话：If you bring a school group to the museum,when you arrive we ask you to remain with your group in the car park. One or more of the tour guides will welcome you there and brief you about what the tour will be about.

考点：答案前置。题目中的关键词school groups、tour guides在定位句中重现，定位句中说的是tour guides will welcome you there，这里的welcome和题目中的met是同义替换，there指的就是前一句中的in the car park，空格前已经给出了in the，答案就是car park。答案内容car park在关键词tour guides之前出现，即答案前置。另外，parking lot和car park是同义词，意思都是“停车场”，所以答案也可以写parking lot。