驻外报道翻译范例分析Sample of Translation for News from Mission Overseas
范例一(Sample I)
驻日本大使程永华就靖国神社等问题与上智大学师生对谈交流(节本)
2014/01/21
Ambassador to Japan Cheng Yonghua Talks and Exchanges with Teachers and Students of
Sophia University on Yasukuni Shrine and Other Issues(Abbreviated Version)
2014/01/21
2014年1月20日,驻日本大使程永华应邀赴上智大学与日本前驻美大使、该校特聘教授藤崎一郎进行对谈,该校师生100余人参加。
On January 20,2014,H. E.Cheng Yonghua, Chinese Ambassador to Japan went to the Sophia University upon invitation and had a dialogue with former Japanese Ambassador to the United States and Distinguished Visiting Professor of the Sophia University Ichiro Fujisaki.More than 100 teachers and students of the University were present.
关于中日关系和靖国神社问题,程大使表示,当前中日关系同时面临领土、历史等如此之多的突出问题,局面前所未有的严峻。安倍首相不顾中方事先反复规劝和强烈反对,执意参拜供奉二战甲级战犯的靖国神社,给中日关系带来了致命打击。
Concerning the issues of the China-Japan relations and the Yasukuni Shrine, Ambassador Cheng said that, facing with so many prominent issues such as territory and history, the China-Japan relations are now in an unprecedentedly severe situation. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, in total disregard of China's repeated exhortation and strong opposition beforehand, obdurately paid homage to the Yasukuni Shrine where Class-A war criminals of World War II are consecrated, bringing fatal blow to the China-Japan relations.
程大使详细阐述了中方为何强烈反对日本领导人参拜靖国神社,指出靖国神社战前是日本军国主义对外侵略的精神工具和象征,现在不仅供奉着二战甲级战犯,还极力美化歪曲侵略历史,宣扬与当今国际公论格格不入的错误史观。日本领导人参拜这个地方,事实上就是在直接或间接肯定“靖国史观”。程大使强调,历史就是历史,它是客观存在的事实,不容篡改,不容歪曲。历史潮流滚滚向前,谁开历史倒车、逆潮流而动,就会被历史无情地抛弃。
Ambassador Cheng elaborated on the reasons why China is strongly against Japanese leaders'worshiping of the Yasukuni Shrine, and pointed out that the Yasukuni Shrine was a spiritual tool and symbol of aggression of the Japanese militarism before the WWII, now it not only consecrates Class-A war criminals of the WWII but also vigorously whitewashes and distorts the history of aggression, advocating wrong historical views which are incompatible with the current international public opinion. Japanese leaders'visits to the place are in fact directly or indirectly affirming“the historical view of the Yasukuni Shrine”.Ambassador Cheng stressed that history is history, which is an objective existence of facts, and no fabrication or distortion is ever allowed.The tide of history always flows forward, and people who turn the clock back to the backtrack of history and behave against the trend will be mercilessly abandoned by history.
关于如何打开严峻的中日关系,程大使表示,日本领导人参拜靖国神社,给本已困难的两国关系制造了新的重大政治障碍。现在日本领导人要做的是正确认识和反省历史,与侵略历史划清界限,为消除中日间的政治障碍做出努力。两国领导人会晤必须建立在诚意和善意的基础上,必须要有合适的气氛和环境,事实上日本领导人已经亲手关闭了与中方对话的大门。
As to how to thaw the severe China-Japan relations, Ambassador Cheng said that the Japanese leaders paying homage to the Yasukuni Shrine has created new and formidable political barriers to the already strained bilateral relations. Now the Japanese leaders should correctly look at and repent its history, make a clean break from its past of aggression and strive to remove the political barriers between China and Japan.Meetings of the leaders of the two countries must be conducted on the basis of sincerity and good will within proper atmosphere and environment.As a matter of fact, however, the Japanese leaders have closed the door of dialogues with China with their own hands.
关于钓鱼岛问题,程大使列举大量史实,强调是中国最先发现、命名和利用钓鱼岛,中国对钓鱼岛实行了长期管辖。日本政府强行推进“国有化”,损害了中国主权,背离了双方达成的有关谅解和共识。中方没有别的选择,不得不采取相应措施维护中国主权。
For the Diaoyu Islands issue, Ambassador Cheng listed a large number of historical facts to stress that it was China that first discovered, named and exploited the Diaoyu Islands, and the Diaoyu Islands had been under China's jurisdiction for a long time. The Japanese government forcibly promoted the“nationalization”,which has harmed China's territorial sovereignty, and deviated from the related understanding and consensus reached between the two sides.China has no other choice but to take corresponding measures to safeguard China's sovereignty.
在场学生就靖国神社问题、中日关系、中美关系、东亚共同体等踊跃提问,程大使予以逐一解答,现场气氛十分热烈。之后,程大使还与中国留学生们进行交流,并合影留念。
Students at present actively raised questions on issues such as the Yasukuni Shrine, China-Japan relations, China-US relations and East Asian Community, and Ambassador Cheng answered the questions one by one, creating a warm atmosphere. Later, Ambassador Cheng had exchanges with overseas Chinese students and took a group photo to mark the occasion.
一、范例一文本结构分析(Text Structure Analysis of Sample I)
范例一是一则有关我国驻外工作人员在所驻国的外事活动的报道,主要内容为驻日大使程永华应邀赴上智大学与日本前驻美大使、该校特聘教授藤崎一郎进行对谈,针对中日关系、靖国神社问题、钓鱼岛问题等阐述中方立场。
该报道由三部分构成。第一段为导语,介绍对谈交流的时间(2014年1月20日)、人物和职衔(驻日本大使程永华、日本前驻美大使、特聘教授藤崎一郎)、地点(上智大学)、与会人员及人数(该校师生100余人)等。第二至五段是报道的主体部分,涵盖对谈交流的三个主要问题:靖国神社问题、中日关系问题、钓鱼岛问题。报道中以“关于……问题”开头,分别引出大使针对以上三个问题的观点和立场(注意程大使“表示”“详细阐述”“指出”“强调”“列举大量史实”等引出观点的表述)。最后一段作为结尾部分,就交流会现场互动及气氛做了简要报道。因篇幅所限,原文有所删节。
二、范例一翻译解析(Translation Analysis of Sample I)
关于我国驻外工作人员在所驻国外事活动的驻外报道,主要包括会见、拜会、访问、考察、调研、交流、出席活动、发表文章、接受采访等内容。例如驻外大使或总领事参加或出席当地活动、座谈、交流,驻外大使或总领事会见或拜会驻在国官员,驻外大使在驻在国报刊媒体发表文章、接受采访,等等。这一类驻外报道常见的标题形式有“驻德国大使史明德出席德国中国商会成立庆典”,“驻赞比亚大使李杰拜会前总统班达”,“驻葡萄牙大使黄松甫会见葡中青年企业家协会主席”,“驻英国大使刘晓明就中英关系、安倍参拜靖国神社等问题接受中国驻英媒体联合采访”等。下面就以上述驻外报道标题为例,探讨不同形式的驻外报道标题的翻译方法。
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1120668.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1124624.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1111985.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1114067.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/gzhd_602266/t1114567.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1117946.shtml)
(http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/zwbd_673032/wshd_673034/t1574206.shtml)
(http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1574813.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/dszlsjt_602260/ds_602262/t1116231.shtml)
(http://english. cntv.cn/program/newsupdate/20140104/100721.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/gzhd_602266/t1114168.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceuk/chn/tpxw/t1574992.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1574996.shtml)
如上述标题翻译所示,驻某国大使在标题中表述为Ambassador to+国名;驻某地总领事译为Consul General in+地名。标题中常出现的动词有会见(meet with)、拜会(call on或pay a call on)、访问(visit)、交流(exchange with)、出席(attend)、发表文章(publish article)、接受采访(give interview to)等。时态均为一般现在时。大使或总领事“接受……专访”可以译为give exclusive interview to,“接受……联合采访”可以译为give joint interview to,“在……发表署名文章”可以译为publishes signed article in,报刊名称需用斜体。
关于驻外官员出席活动的报道,一般在导语部分介绍人物、时间、地点、活动名称、出席人员等。大使姓名在导语中首次出现时一般加敬称H.E.(即His Excellency),例如H.E.Cheng Yonghua, Chinese Ambassador to Japan。需要注意的是,英译时头衔前面不加任何冠词,首字母需大写。汉语报道中介绍与会外国官员时一般不出现人物全名,只出现姓氏,例如“肯尼亚国防部长奥马莫”,但翻译成英文时需要补充官员全名,如Secretary of Defense Raychelle Omamo of Kenya。此外,关于人名翻译,有些外国官员姓名在中文中有约定俗成的译名,例如意大利驻华使馆临时代办“孟昊天”、德国工商大会主席“施伟策”、德国亚太经济委员会中国事务发言人“薄睦乐”等,虽看似汉语姓名,如果翻译的时候不查阅资料文献,则会想当然地错译成中文姓名的拼音,使这些外国官员一下成了“中国人”,实际上上述姓名的正确译法为Augusto Massari, Eric Schweitzer和Martin Brudermuller。一些国际上惯用的人名,如国务院参事林毅夫教授翻译时,需要遵循惯例,翻译成Justin Yifu Lin。总而言之,在翻译时务必仔细查阅原文中人物的身份背景,以确认其相应的英译名。请看下面具体翻译实例:
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/web/wjbxw_673019/t1354243.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zygy_663314/gyhd_663338/)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cede/chn/dszl/dshd/t1120667.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1124624.shtml)
关于会晤的报道,一般在导语部分介绍会晤官员、时间、地点、主要内容等。通常“会见”译为meet with。身份高者会见身份低者,或主人会见客人,一般称接见或召见;身份低者会见身份高者,或客人会见主人,一般称拜会或拜见。“拜会”指拜访会见,多用于外交上的正式访问,可以译为pay a courtesy call on sb.或pay a call on sb.。
不同国家中具有类似行政职责的政府部门名称和政府官员职衔,在中文中有时可能名称叫法相同,但在英文中却依各自国家而定,不可以一概而论。如就美国而言,“国务部”是Department of State,“国务部长”即指“国务卿”,英文是Secretary of State。但“塞总统府国务部长”应该翻译成Senegalese Minister of State of the Presidential Palace,“格林纳达总理府新闻国务部长”的英文则是Director of the Government Information Service of the Office of the Grenadian Prime Minister。请看下面具体翻译实例:
(http://www. counsellor.gov.cn/gjhz/2014-01-17/51695.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/tyb/zwbd/t1097467.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
关于驻外官员接受采访、发表署名文章的新闻报道,在导语中会介绍有哪些媒体、针对什么问题进行采访、发表的文章名称是什么。媒体名称书写规范需要格外注意,英语和汉语在标点符号的使用上略有不同,报刊媒体的名称在汉语文本中需要用书名号标记,但在英译时需用斜体,例如《人民日报》译为People’s Daily,《科技日报》译为Science and Technology Daily,《新闻报》译为La Presse。英语文本中,通讯社、电视台等媒体机构需将其首字母大写,并加上媒体缩写,如美国联合通讯社,译为The Associated Press(AP),中国国际广播电台译为China Radio International(CRI)。发表的文章名称在汉语文本中加书名号标记,在英文文本中加双引号标记,例如大使文章《让历史不再重演》译为“Let History not Repeat Itself”。请看下面具体翻译实例:
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceuk/chn/dsxx/dashijianghua/t1116230.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceuk/eng/HotTopics/davidcameron/t1105356.htm)
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/mtb/zwbd/dszlsjt/t1118565.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
近年来日本政要频频参拜靖国神社,为中日关系的发展投下阴影,成为始终制约中日关系的瓶颈。外交新闻报道中常出现关于日本政要参拜靖国神社,以及我国对这一问题所持立场和态度的相关表述,下文着重探讨驻外报道中对这些常见表述的翻译。
1.关于日本政要参拜靖国神社行径的翻译
驻外报道中,描述日本政要参拜靖国神社的常见措辞包括“不顾……反对”“公然参拜”“鼓吹”“一意孤行”“拜鬼”“执意参拜”“冒天下之大不韪”“顶礼膜拜”等,我国外交人员通过谴责性的强硬措辞来表明我国政府的反对立场。请看下面实例中关于这些表述的翻译:
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/mtb/zwbd/dszlsjt/t1118565.htm)
(http://ae. china-embassy.org/eng/wjbfyrth/t1112096.htm)
(http://opinion. people.com.cn/n/2014/0113/c368020-24105820.html)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://www. china-embassy.or.jp/chn/dszl/dszyhd/t1121438.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1121439.shtml)
(http://www. china-embassy.or.jp/chn/dszl/dszyhd/t1121438.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1121439.shtml)
2.关于参拜靖国神社本质的翻译
对于日本政要参拜靖国神社这一行为的本质,我国驻外报道常用表述包括“军国主义的精神象征”“供奉甲级战犯”“极右翼势力”“美化侵略历史”“颠覆国际社会的正义审判”“公开挑战二战结果和战后国际秩序”“倒行逆施,为侵略翻案、开历史倒车”“公然挑衅”“无耻行径”等,从而剖析和揭露日本参拜靖国神社的实质。请看下面实例中关于这些表述的翻译:
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/mtb/zwbd/dszlsjt/t1118565.htm)
(http://ae. china-embassy.org/eng/wjbfyrth/t1112096.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cejp/chn/zrgx/rbsg/t1118281.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://opinion. people.com.cn/n/2014/0113/c368020-24105820.html)
and its Asian neighboring countries.
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
3.在靖国神社问题上我国所持立场和态度的翻译
驻外报道中,我国在靖国神社问题上所持立场和态度的常见表述包括“强烈反对和严厉谴责”“不可接受,也不可原谅”“强烈抗议”等,表明我方立场坚定、态度明确。以范例一为例,驻日大使程永华代表中国政府立场,态度坚定,义正词严。翻译这篇驻外报道时,英文措辞也需力求还原原文风格,体现我国立场和态度的不容模糊。请看下列具体翻译实例:
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/tyb/zwbd/dszlsjt/t1118828.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://www. china-embassy.or.jp/chn/dszl/dszyhd/t1121438.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1121439.shtml)
(http://wcm. fmprc.gov.cn/pub/chn/gxh/mtb/zwbd/dszlsjt/t1118565.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/)
(http://www. china-embassy.or.jp/chn/dszl/dszyhd/t1121438.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1121439.shtml)
范例二(Sample II)
驻泰国使馆举办中泰媒体新春联谊会(节本)
2014/01/13
Chinese Embassy in Thailand Holds Chinese-Thai Media New Year Gathering
(Abbreviated Version)
2014/01/13
2014年1月10日,驻泰国使馆举办中泰媒体新春联谊会,来自《泰叻报》《民意报》《每日邮报》《每日新闻报》《经理人报》《经济基础报》、民族集团、电视3台、5台、9台等27家泰国主流媒体及泰国记者协会、泰国报业协会、泰国广播记者协会等机构代表,以及泰国华文媒体和我驻泰媒体代表共约100人出席。
On January 10,2014,the Chinese Embassy in Thailand held a Chinese-Thai media New Year gathering. About 100 people attended the gathering, including representatives from 27 Thai mainstream media, such as Thai Rath, Matichon, Post Today, Daily News, Manager Daily, Thansettakij, Nation Multimedia Group, Channel 3,Channel 5 and Channel 9,and representatives from the Thai Journalists Association, the Press Association of Thailand and the Thai Broadcast Journalist Association, as well as Thai Chinese language media and Chinese media in Thailand.
宁赋魁大使出席。宁大使在致辞中表示,过去一年中泰关系发生了不少大事、喜事,特别是李克强总理作为中国新一届政府领导人首次访问泰国,推动中泰友好关系进入了新的历史时期。各位中泰媒体朋友们不仅充分报道了这一重要访问,还积极关注、报道两国在各领域的务实合作,包括中泰高铁合作、大熊猫合作等,感谢大家为弘扬中泰友好、促进两国各界交流合作做出的可贵贡献。
Chinese Ambassador to Thailand H. E.Ning Fukui was present.Ambassador Ning said in his speech that quite a few great and joyful events happened in China-Thailand relations in the past year.Particularly, Premier Li Keqiang paid his first visit to Thailand as a member of the new generation of the leadership of the Chinese government, which has pushed China-Thailand friendly relations to a new historical period.The Chinese and Thai media not only fully covered the important visit, but actively paid attention to and covered China-Thailand pragmatic cooperation in various fields, such as cooperation in China-Thailand high speed railway project and giant panda breeding.I would like to thank you for the valuable contribution you have made in carrying forward China-Thailand friendship and boosting bilateral exchanges and cooperation in every sector.
宁大使表示,虽然目前泰国政局出现了一些动荡,但中泰友谊已渗透进两国人民的血脉,基础牢固。中泰睦邻友好、互利合作将会不断谱写新的历史篇章。作为友好邻邦,我们衷心希望泰国早日恢复政治稳定、经济发展、人民安居乐业。我们也相信泰国人民有能力、有智慧,通过对话协商早日解决政治分歧,维护国家的长治久安。
Ambassador Ning said that despite some turbulence in the current political situation of Thailand, China-Thailand friendship has blended into the blood of the two peoples with a firm foundation. New historical chapters of China-Thailand good neighborly and friendly relations and mutually beneficial cooperation will continue to be composed.As friendly neighbors, we sincerely hope that Thailand restore political stability and economic development with its people residing and working in peace and contentment at an early date.We believe that the Thai people have the abilities and wisdom to resolve political differences through dialogue and consultation at an early date to maintain lasting peace and stability.
席间,宁大使与中泰媒体人亲切交谈。宁大使表示,驻泰国使馆愿意与各位媒体界人士保持密切联系,帮助中国人民更好地了解泰国,同时也帮助泰国人民更好地了解中国,共同为中泰友好、为地区和平、稳定与发展贡献绵薄力量。过去一年大家辛苦了,马年新春即将到来,祝大家马年快乐,身体健康。
At the dinner, Ambassador Ning had cordial talks with Chinese and Thai journalists. Ambassador Ning said that the Chinese Embassy in Thailand will maintain close contacts with all friends from the press, and help Chinese and Thai people to understand each other better, working together to make humble efforts to promote China-Thailand friendship, regional peace, stability and development.He appreciated the journalists for their hard work and dedication over the past year.With the Spring Festival of the Year of Horse around the corner, he expressed his New Year messages, wishing them a happy new year and good health.
泰国记者协会主席巴蒂等各媒体代表均感谢宁大使和使馆为此次活动所做精心准备和周到安排,表示联谊活动为中泰媒体以及和使馆间的交流创造了一个良好平台,期待今后进一步加强联系,共同为促进泰中友好作出努力。
President of the Thai Journalists Association Pradit Ruangdit and other media representatives all expressed gratitude to Ambassador Ning and the Embassy for their meticulous preparations and considerate arrangement for this activity. They said that the gathering creates a good platform for exchanges among Chinese media, Thai media and the Embassy.They looked forward to strengthening contacts in the future and jointly promoting Thailand-China friendship.
一、范例二文本结构分析(Text Structure Analysis of Sample II)
范例二是一篇关于我国驻外机构的活动报道,主要内容为驻泰使馆举办中泰媒体新春联谊会,宁赋魁大使在新春会上致辞。第一段为新闻导语,介绍驻外使馆(驻泰国使馆)举办的活动(中泰媒体新春联谊会)、参加人员(27家泰国主流媒体及泰国记者协会、泰国报业协会、泰国广播记者协会等机构代表)、人数(共约100人出席);第二、三段介绍大使的致辞内容,主要针对中泰关系进行总结和展望,致辞中提到泰国“政局动荡”,“李克强总理作为中国新一届政府领导人首次访问泰国”,“中泰高铁合作”,“大熊猫合作”等重大外交事件;第四、五两段介绍新春会席间大使与中泰媒体人亲切交谈,媒体代表就新春联谊会向大使馆表示感激。因篇幅所限,原文有所删节。
二、范例二翻译解析(Translation Analysis of Sample II)
关于我国驻外机构以及驻在国政府官员的活动报道,主要包括以下几类:驻××使馆或驻××总领事馆举办××活动、记者会等,例如“中国驻俄罗斯大使馆为俄汉学家举行2014年新春招待会”;驻在国××官员出席××活动,发表××声明等,如“塞尔维亚总统出席中塞友谊大桥合龙仪式”及“埃及外交部发表声明谴责昆明‘3·01’暴恐事件”;以及我国驻外机构的其他一系列活动,如“‘多彩中华’中国少数民族文艺演出在金边举行”。
下面就以上述驻外报道标题为例,探讨不同形式的驻外报道标题的翻译方法。
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1114274.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1114520.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1120925.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1124617.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1134397.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://china. huanqiu.com/News/fmprc/2013-11/4536897.html)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://rs. chineseembassy.org/chn/sgxx/sghd/t1122257.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/t1124583.shtml)
如上述标题翻译所示,我国驻××使馆举办××活动可以译为Chinese Embassy in××holds……;各种活动包括记者会(Press Conference)、新年招待会(New Year Reception)、新春招待会(Chinese Spring Festival Reception)、欢迎招待会(Welcome Reception)、新春联谊会(New Year Gathering)等。在我国驻外机构活动的新闻报道中,如“‘多彩中华’中国少数民族文艺演出在金边举行”,“中国第七批援厄瓜多尔军医组荣获勋章”,翻译时如果使用被动语态,比如……is held,……is awarded,则在标题中省略be动词,可以译为Art Performance Held in Phnom Penh, Medical Aid Team Awarded Medals。
以范例二为代表的我国驻外机构的活动报道,在导语中主要概括驻外机构名称、活动名称、主题、时间、地点以及参加官员等。我国驻外机构包括我国驻外使馆、领馆以及常驻联合国等政府间国际组织的代表团等代表机构。驻外大使馆具有外交官身份的人员,包括大使(ambassador)、公使(counselor)、公使衔参赞(minister counselor)、参赞(counselor)、一等秘书(first secretary)、二等秘书(second secretary)、三等秘书(third secretary)、随员(attaché),一些国家的attaché也有专员的意思,其身份属于秘书级别。领馆分为总领事馆(consulate-general)、领事馆(consulate)、副领事馆(vice-consulate)和领事代理处(consular agency)四级,其馆长或负责人分别为总领事(consul-general)、领事(consul)、副领事(vice consul)和领事代理(consular agent)。请看上述驻外机构以及外交人员职衔在新闻中的翻译实例:
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/zflt/chn/zxxx/t1114667.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zwbd_602255/t1114274.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
关于官员头衔的翻译,例1中“公参”是“公使衔参赞”的简称,是使馆参赞,译为Minister Counselor。例2中“临时代办”是指在外交代表大使或公使缺位或因故不能执行职务时,被委派代理其职务的外交人员,以临时代办的名义行使使馆首长的职权,译为Charge d’Affaires ad Interim[44]。
政府间国际组织(Inter-government Organization)常见的包括联合国(UN)、世界贸易组织(WTO)、东盟(ASEAN)、欧盟(EU)、八国集团(G8)、上海合作组织(Shanghai Cooperation Organization, SCO)、亚洲开发银行(Asia Development Bank, ADB)、国际结算银行(Bank for International Settlements, BIS)、国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA)等。例2中中国—东盟中心的全称为ASEAN-China Center,缩写为ACC。一般来说,这些组织名称在新闻中首次出现的时候,英译时需要在全称后面括号加上缩写,再次出现时,则可以直接以缩写形式译出。
1.关于活动致辞的翻译
关于驻外机构活动的新闻报道中,常涉及感谢及祝贺之类的致辞,如“大家辛苦了”“祝大家新年快乐、身体健康”“预祝新的一年里马到成功”等。请看下面实例中这些表述的相应译文。
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceth/chn/xwdt/t1118384.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://cs. mfa.gov.cn/gyls/lsgz/lqbb/t1122846.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
2.表述活动现场的翻译
汉语四字格言简意赅,读起来铿锵有力。在外交新闻文体中,常用形象生动的四字词来凸显句式结构紧凑,音韵整齐,例如下面各例中的“天寒地冻、春意盎然”“张灯结彩”“异彩纷呈、高潮迭起”等。对于驻外报道中四字词的翻译,为了尽可能贴近原文的语义和句法结构,在再现原文语言意象美的同时,又使得英译文语言结构缜密,表述简练,可以运用介词结构、名词性短语、形容词短语等使得译文达到简洁凝练的表达效果。请看下面具体翻译实例:
(http://china. huanqiu.com/News/fmprc/2014-01/4776678.html)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://china. huanqiu.com/News/fmprc/2014-01/4776678.html)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://cs. mfa.gov.cn/gyls/lsgz/lqbb/t1127550.shtml)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
3.表述活动性质和意义的翻译
在驻外机构的活动报道中,有时会描述某活动或事件的意义,常见表述有“载入史册”“促进……迈上新台阶”“为……注入新的活力”“意义重大,影响深远”等。请看下面实例中这些表述的相应译文。
(http://www. gov.cn/gzdt/2013-12/27/content_2555900.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)
(http://ru. china-embassy.org/chn/sghd/t1130617.htm)
(http://www. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/)