TPO 12

12-1

你认为在你的国家哪种交通方式最为高效便捷？用具体的原因和事例来解释为什么你认为它高效。

response

In China, the most efficient type of transportation is the automobile. Although traffic is increasingly troublesome and parking can be expensive, driving a car gives the individual the most efficiency and convenience in moving from point A to point B. Although public transit is popular, their organization is far from ideal. Oftentimes, the desired destination is extremely far from a subway station and transfers are lengthy, confusing, and tiresome especially during rush hours. Driving a private car gives the driver complete freedom in ways to get to the final destination and it also could protect us from the rough weather elements in many places in China.

12-2

有些人认为学习一种乐器对个人素养的提高是非常必要的。而另一些人认为音乐教育并不重要。你同意哪种观点？解释原因。

response

I believe that it is essential to learn a musical instrument. The greatest benefit from learning to play an instrument is the ability to read music. There are thousands of languages in the world, but music is the one universal language that every culture and nation can understand. If one could learn to read, write, and perform musically, he or she can gain the ability to connect with every single human on earth. In addition, learning to play a musical instrument helps train the ability of the brain to multitask and improves brain-hand coordination. The benefits of playing a musical instrument are far too important to be left undiscovered by people.

12-3

阅读材料：校广播站经历重大变革？
大学决定对校广播站实施几项重大变革，其中包括扩大广播的覆盖范围，使得邻近的一些城镇也可接收到校广播节目。这个计划的预期目标之一是吸引更多的学生申请有关通信的课程。另一个目标则是为校方提供额外的资金来源，学校希望企业在广播里投放广告。

题目：对话中的女生支持文章所述的提议。解释她认为这一提议可以达到学校预期目标的原因。

response

The female student believes that the expansion of the radio station will benefit both the students and the school. First of all, the university wanted the expansion to boost applications for its communications program. The student thinks the expansion will allow current communication students to practice broadcasting to a larger, real-life audience and consequently these students will have better job opportunities after graduation. This should help attract more students to apply. Furthermore, the student cites an example of a friend’s school that did the same expansion for the on-campus radio station. It became a financial success and attracted many business advertisers, just like what the school hopes to achieve currently. Thus, the expansion should both attract more students and increase revenue for the school.

12-4

阅读材料：阈下知觉
人们时时感受着各种视觉和听觉上的刺激。有时我们对这些刺激的感知是有意识的：我们意识到某一刺激并且知道我们在感知它。但是我们对某一刺激的感知也可在无意识的情况下发生：一个影像以我们无法察觉到的速度在我们眼前闪现并消失，或者一个声音极其微弱，以至于我们无法意识到它的存在。这种现象，即对于低于感知阈值的刺激的感受就被称为阈下知觉。有证据表明，潜意识中感知到的刺激可以影响人们的思维和态度。

题目：描述阈下知觉的含义并解释教授所介绍的这个实验是如何证明这一现象的。

response

Subliminal perception is perception of a stimulus just below the conscious level. For example, the flashing of a picture for a tenth of a second so that we never consciously remember seeing the photo can be a form of subliminal stimulus. This type of perception, although low in traceability, can be influential on our attitudes and thought. In the psychology experiment detailed by the professor, the subliminal stimulus of the boy’s picture had a strong impact on how the students reacted to a third, neutral photograph. Those who saw an angry subliminal stimulus rated the third picture negatively, while those who saw a happy subliminal stimulus picture rated the picture positively.

12-5

对话中，学生们针对这个女生的问题讨论了两种可行的解决方案。简要总结这个问题，并陈述你倾向于哪种解决方案及其原因。

response

The student has trouble with the scheduling of an award ceremony and a philosophy exam. She has won an award and must attend the award ceremony. However, her philosophy exam is scheduled to end right as the ceremony starts. She worries that if she takes the test she might miss out on parts of the ceremony. However, if she reschedules the exam the teacher would be very likely to make her take it a few days in advance, which means she will have less studying time. I would recommend her to talk to the teacher and reschedule the exam time just half an hour or an hour earlier. Thus, she will finish the exam and make it to the award ceremony just fine.

12-6

用叙述中的观点和事例来解释替代商品和互补商品是如何影响某一产品的市场需求的。

response

Price is not the only factor that influences demand, since complement and substitute goods also impact the demand of a product. A substitute product is a product that is identical to another product. These two products can be replaced by each other with no problem. For example, butter and margarine are substitute goods in that they have very similar usage. If the price of one goes up, people will generally choose the substitute. Complement goods are another example that has been given. These goods cannot be used without each other. For instance, CD and CD players are complement goods. If CDs increase in price, the demand for CD Players will decrease. Complement and substitute goods are good examples of when price of one product can impact the demand of another.