第5章 享受，那些停在舌尖的温暖
Enjoying the Delicious Food
Part of the secret of success in life is to eat what you like and let the food fight it out inside.
～Mark Twain
人生成功的一部分秘诀是，吃下爱吃的东西，然后让食物在肚子里斗争到底。
——马克·吐温
著名甜点的故事
The Story of a Famous Dessert
◎ James D.Hunt
Tell me what you eat,and I will tell you who you are.
～Brillat Savarin
We have two Englishmen to thank for the famous banoffee pie pudding.In 1972,after seeing a dish during his travel in the USA,Chef Ian Dowding and the owner of the restaurant he worked in （Nigel Mackenzie）created this new pudding.The American dessert was known as Blums Coffee Toffee Pie and was similar to banoffee pie but had no bananas and tasted （unsurprisingly）like coffee.Dowding wasn't keen on the recipe[1] though as it was difficult to perfect,stating that the pudding didn't set correctly all the time,either being too hard or too soft.
Together they adapted the idea to toffee and bananas and made up the word “banoffi”,which has now turned into “banoffee” and is now part of the English language used to describe anything that tastes of banana and toffee.
So they added the new Banoffee Pie to their menu and found it became so popular that diners would actually request table bookings only if this particular dessert was on the menu.In fact,it became so popular that they simply could not remove it from the menu.
It didn't take long before the local competition was copying the dessert,and just a few years after the initial[2] concept it started turning up in Australia,America and even India.It's fair to say that these days banoffee pie is probably served somewhere in every country on the planet!
Below is a delicious recipe for making your own banoffee pie ingredients[3]:
3 large bananas,300 gram packet of digestive biscuits,60 grams of butter,350ml double cream,1 tbsp of icing sugar,100 grams of chocolate （to decorate）,397g tin of caramel
1.Turn the oven on to pre-heat at 180C/gas mark four.Put the butter in a pan and leave over a low heat to melt.While the butter melts,crush the biscuits （a rolling pin or blender will do the trick.Failing that,just use your hands）.Once the butter's melted mix the biscuit crumbs and butter together in a bowl.
2.Pour the biscuit mix into a 20cm（ish）pie tin and press into an even layer to create the base.
3.Place in the oven and allow to cook for 10 minutes.Check the mixture has lightly toasted,if it hasn't give it a couple more minutes.When you are happy take the base out the oven and let it cool.Once cool,carefully transfer the base to a plate.
4.Once cooled,open the caramel and pour evenly over the base.Once level,put in the refrigerator for roughly 60 minutes.
5.Once chilled[4],slice the bananas and arrange them over the caramel.
6.Whip the cream and icing sugar to get it nice and thick,and then create the final unhealthy layer over the bananas.
7.Take the chocolate and use a grater to sprinkle[5] some chocolate shavings over the cream for the final touch.
告诉我你平时吃什么，我就能说出你是怎样的一个人。
——布里亚·萨瓦兰
有两个英国人要感谢著名的香蕉太妃派布丁。1972年，厨师伊恩·道丁在去美国的旅行中看到一道菜，便和那间餐厅的老板奈杰尔·麦肯齐发明了这个新式布丁。美国甜点因类似咖啡太妃派而闻名，这和香蕉太妃派有些相像，只不过咖啡太妃派没有香蕉，尝起来更多的是咖啡的味道。道丁不喜欢这份甜点，因为他觉得很难把这个甜点做到完美，他表示布丁的口感尝起来总是不对，不是太硬就是太软。
就这样，他们俩一起改良了食谱，将太妃糖和香蕉结合在一起，于是就有了现在的“香蕉太妃”，这一表述也成为英语语言中用来形容香蕉和太妃结合的口味。于是，在他们的菜单中就新加入了“香蕉太妃派”。
香蕉太妃派变得很受欢迎，只要他们的菜单上有这个独特的甜点，他们的顾客就需要提前订餐。事实上，因为这份甜点变得如此受欢迎，所以他们不能再将它从菜单中移除。
很快，当地就纷纷出现效仿这个甜点的现象，而且没过几年，这份甜点就出现在澳大利亚、美国甚至印度。可以不夸张地说，近几年，香蕉太妃派在世界各个国家都有出售。
以下便是自制香蕉太妃派需要的材料：
3个大香蕉、300克消化饼干、60克黄油、350毫升高脂厚奶油、1汤匙糖霜、100克巧克力（用于装饰）以及397克焦糖。
1.打开烤箱，把温度调至180℃，将其预热。然后，将黄油放入平底锅，用低温将其熔化。在熔化黄油的同时，将饼干碾碎（可以用擀面杖或搅拌机，如果没有，可以直接用手）。将熔化的黄油和饼干碎粒放进碗里，搅拌在一起。
2.将黄油和饼干粒混合物倒入直径20厘米长的烤盘里，将其铺平，作为派的底层。
3.将烤盘放入烤箱，烤10分钟。一段时间后查看是否差不多烤熟了，如果还没有就再烤几分钟。将派的底层从烤箱中取出，将其冷却。一旦冷却，小心地将底层转放到一个盘子里。
4.冷却后，打开焦糖，均匀地倒在底层上。倒匀后，放入冰箱搁置大约1小时。
5.冰冻后，将香蕉切片，放在焦糖上。
6.将奶油和糖霜搅拌在一起直至变得浓厚，然后将这多脂多糖的最后一层涂在香蕉上。
7.取一些巧克力，用刨丝器削些巧克力丝放在奶油上，这就是最后一步。
注释
[1]recipe['resəpɪ] n.食谱；处方；秘诀
[2]initial[ɪ'nɪʃl] a.最初的；开始的；首字母的
[3]ingredients[ɪnˈgri:diənts] n.（混合物的）组成部分（ingredient的名词复数）；（烹调的）原料；（构成）要素
[4]chilled[tʃild] v.（使）变冷（chill的过去式和过去分词）
[5]sprinkle['spriŋkl] v.洒，撒
台湾传统的一天三餐
Traditional Breakfast,Lunch,and Dinner in Taiwan
◎ Olivia Hunt
Let food be thy medicine,thy medicine shall be thy food.
～Hippocrates
Meal cult is an important part of country's culture.Food and drink are the main necessities for sustaining[1] life,and Taiwan cuisine takes a special place among the great cuisines of the world.Taiwan has a broad variety of dishes because of great ethnic diversity.
The diversity of cuisines contains eight principle types:Hoklo（or Taiwanese）,Hakka,vegetarian[2] cuisine,northern style cuisine,Hunan,Jiangzhe,Hong Kong,and Sichuan.Seafood is used in all these cuisines as a culinary[3] culture of Taiwan that is simple and light.
In Taiwan people prefer to drink tea or coffee with some sandwiches for breakfast.They like fruits and sweets which are laid in a big plate on the table.For example,when the time for lunch comes,people eat salty dishes such as steamed and chopped chicken,steamed streaky pork with dry mustard[4] cabbage,or dried mustard greens.Besides,they like rice with boiled eggs or fried potatoes with meat or fish.In Taiwan people have hundreds of receipts of dishes with rice and fish.Traditionally,Chinese dinner is laid at the round table in the center of which there is a flat circle on a revolving stand.It is necessary to point out that meals are served on big plates and are put in required amount on small plates by a person.At first cold snack is served,then time comes for hot dishes and only after these dishes the so called principle dishes are served.In Taiwan people like to eat dishes with rice,meat and fish.In the end of dinner a soup or a broth is served.There is no dessert—fruits and sweets are on the table during all the dinner and they are very often used in the principle dish.
Consequently[5],Taiwan cuisine represents one face by which a country is famous for.Traditional breakfast,lunch,and dinner in Taiwan are similar to breakfast,lunch,and dinner in Europe;however,there are some details you should know about Taiwan cuisine.
文化小课堂
台湾饮食文化以福建闽南饮食文化为主，由大陆的福建与广东饮食文化发展而来，成为今天的“台湾菜”，主要特色在于强调海鲜。现今，台湾结合了大陆各地的饮食文化特点，但不少高山族部落依旧保留着传统特色，如兰屿雅美族的吃鱼有男女之别的限制等。
让食物成为你的药品，药品则会是你的食物。
——希波克拉底
饮食是一个国家文化的重要组成部分，也是维持生命的必需品。台湾饮食在世界饮食文化中占据着特别的地位。由于种族的多样性，台湾的饮食种类也丰富多彩。
台湾饮食主要包括八大种类：台湾菜、客家菜、素菜、北方菜、湖南菜、江浙菜、香港菜、四川菜。在台湾烹饪中，由于海鲜简单且方便易得，会用在每种菜系之中。
在台湾，人们更喜欢在早上配着茶或咖啡吃三明治。他们喜欢水果和甜食，所以桌上的盘子里都会摆着水果和甜食。在午餐时间，台湾人会吃咸食，比如蒸鸡丁和梅干菜五花肉，又或者干芥菜。此外，他们喜欢水煮蛋配饭、炸薯条配肉或鱼。在台湾，人们会用米饭和鱼做出几百道菜。传统意义上，中国人吃饭喜欢围着圆桌坐，圆桌中间有个旋转的圆盘。需要指出的一点是，菜是盛在大盘子里的，每个人根据需要把菜夹在自己的小盘子里。首先上的是凉菜，然后是热菜，只有这些菜上齐了以后，所谓的主食才会上桌。台湾人喜欢吃米饭、肉和鱼。在一餐的结尾，还会上羹或汤。他们不上甜食，因为水果和甜点在用餐期间一直摆在桌子上，而且，在主菜中，他们经常会用到水果和甜食。
台湾饮食是中国闻名的一方面。台湾传统的早中晚餐和欧洲的早中晚餐是类似的。不过，关于台湾饮食，你需要了解其中的细节。
注释
[1]sustaining[sə'steɪnɪŋ] v.维持（sustain的现在分词）；支撑，支持；遭受，忍受；供养
[2]vegetarian[ˌvedʒə'teərɪən] a.素食者的；素菜的
[3]culinary[ˈkʌlɪnəri] a.厨房的，烹饪的；烹调用的
[4]mustard['mᴧstəd] n.芥末，芥菜
[5]consequently['kənsikwəntli] ad.因此；所以；终于；这样
比萨：你不知道的事
Pizza:What You Do Not Know
◎ Helen Davies
Just hearing the word “pizza” brings a smile to the face of just about every American.Whatever style or variety—from thick,Chicago-style deep-dish pizza stuffed with gobs of cheese,sausage,and pepperoni to a thin-as-a-cracker crust topped with veggies—pizza invariably makes it to the top of “favorite food” lists.Here,we've compiled a list of fun and interesting facts about this American food icon.See how many you knew!
1.Since 1987,October has been officially designated National Pizza Month in the United States.
2.Approximately three billion pizzas are sold in the United States every year,plus an additional one billion frozen pizzas.
3.Pizza is a $30 billion industry in the United States.
4.Pizzerias represent 17 percent of all US restaurants.
5.Ninety-three percent of Americans eat pizza at least once a month.
6.Women are twice as likely as men to order vegetarian toppings on their pizza.
7.About 36 percent of all pizzas contain pepperoni,making it the most popular topping in the United States.
8.The first known pizzeria,Antica Pizzeria,opened in Naples,Italy,in 1738.
9.More pizza is consumed during the week of the Super Bowl than any other time of the year.
10.On average,each person in the United States eats around 23 pounds of pizza every year.
11.The first pizzeria in the United States was opened by Gennaro Lombardi in 1895 in New York City.
12.The record for the world's largest pizza depends on how you slice it.According to Guinness World Records,the record for the world's largest circular pizza was set at Norwood Hypermarket in South Africa in 1990.The gigantic pie measured 122 feet 8 inches across,weighed 26883 pounds,and contained 9920 pounds of flour,3968 pounds of cheese,and 1984 pounds of sauce.In 2005,the record for the world's largest rectangular pizza was set in Iowa Falls,Iowa.Pizza restaurant owner Bill Bahr and a team of 200 helpers created the 129×98.6-foot pizza from 4000 pounds of cheese,700 pounds of sauce,and 9500 sections of crust.The enormous pie was enough to feed the town's 5200 residents ten slices of pizza each.
文化小课堂
比萨是我们起源不详的食品之一。将各种馅料放在面包饼上制作的食品最远可追溯到古罗马时期。在路边能看到越来越多比萨饼店的今天，比如“必胜客”、“棒约翰”，相信大家在吃比萨的时候，都未曾意识到它在美国人心目中的至高地位。
只要听到“比萨”这两个字，美国人几乎个个都会眉开眼笑。样式和品种都不重要，无论是腊肉肠和意式香肠为主馅、配以足量芝士的芝加哥式厚盘比萨，还是田园蔬菜为主馅的薄脆比萨，比萨总是位列“最喜爱的食物”榜单之首。
在这里，我们整理了一张有关这一美国“国宝级”食物的趣味榜单。看看你知道多少！
1.从1987年开始，10月正式被指定为美国“国家比萨月”。
2.美国每年大约售出30亿个比萨，外加10亿个冷冻比萨。
3.在美国，比萨是产值高达300亿美元的行业。
4.全美17%的餐馆是比萨店。
5.93%的美国人每月至少吃一次比萨。
6.点比萨时要求主馅为蔬菜的人当中，女人是男人的2倍。
7.最受欢迎的比萨配料当属意式香肠，大约36%的比萨采用了这种配料。
8.1738年，第一家已知的比萨店安提卡在意大利那不勒斯开业。
9.在“全美橄榄球超级杯赛”那周卖出的比萨数量全年最多。
10.平均来说，美国人均每年吃掉大约23磅比萨。
11.根纳罗·隆巴尔迪于1895年在纽约开了美国第一家比萨店。
12.世界最大的比萨纪录由你的切法决定。根据《吉尼斯世界纪录》，1990年，世界最大的圆形比萨诞生在南非的诺伍德大型超级市场，这个巨型馅饼直径122英尺8英寸、重达26883磅，使用了9920磅面粉、3968磅芝士和1984磅比萨酱。2005年，世界上最大的矩形比萨诞生在爱荷华州的爱荷华瀑布，这个长129英尺、宽98.6英尺的矩形比萨，由比萨店店主比尔·巴尔和200个助手共同制作完成，使用了4000磅芝士、700磅比萨酱和9500块馅饼皮，这个矩形馅饼足以喂饱全镇5200个居民，每人可以分到10片之多。