呦呦鹿鸣:美得窒息的诗经(英汉对照)
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鄘风·君子偕老

君子偕老,副笄六珈。委委佗佗,如山如河,象服是宜。子之不淑,云如之何?

玼兮玼(cǐ)兮,其之翟也。鬒发如云,不屑髢(dí)也;玉之瑱也,象之揥也,扬且之皙也。胡然而天也?胡然而帝也?

(1)兮瑳兮,其之展(2)也。蒙彼绉,是绁袢(3)也。子之清扬,扬且之颜也。展如之人兮,邦之媛也!

Duchess Xuan Jiang of Wei

She’d live with her lord till old,

Adorned with gems and gold.

Stately and full of grace,

Stream-like, she went her pace.

As a mountain she’d dwell;

Her robe became her well.

Raped by the father of her lord,

O how could she not have been bored!


She is so bright and fair

In pheasant-figured gown.

Like cloud is her black hair,

No false locks but her own.

Her earrings are of jade,

Her pin ivory-made.

Her forehead’s white and high,

Like goddess from the sky.


She is so fair and bright

In rich attire snow-white.

O’er her fine undershirt

She wears close-fitting skirt.

Her eyes are bright and clear;

Her face will facinate.

Alas!Fair as she might appear,

She’s a raped beauty of the state.

你是那与君子偕老的人,珠环翠绕玉搔头。

你仪态舒缓,如山如河,华丽的礼服与你正相宜。

然而你德不配位,让人怎么说?


绚烂如霞是你绣着山鸡的礼服。

你黑发浓密,不屑垫入假发掩饰苍老。

美玉耳环,垂在你鬓边叮当。

象牙做的簪子,插在你的鬓边。

你广颐方额肌肤胜雪,多么像天仙,又多么像帝女。


鲜艳璀璨,是展示你身份的礼服。

精细的葛布,做成你夏日的内衣。

你眼神明亮,眉宇宽广。

你这样的一个人啊,真是国中的大美人。

这首诗据说是讽刺卫宣公的妻子宣姜。卫宣公原本为儿子伋聘娶宣姜,见她貌美,据为己有。后来,宣姜又被迫嫁给伋的弟弟公子顽。

宣姜的一生身不由己,但在当时被视为红颜祸水。不过对于声名狼藉的女人,公众的态度是批判里带着好奇。这首诗宣布宣姜道德破产的同时,对她的衣饰和容貌一再描摹,雍容华贵的主体色调下还有一丝诱惑,是大众对于身份高贵的绯闻女主角的想象。

(1)瑳:朱熹译为鲜盛貌。

(2)展:礼服。

(3)绁袢:夏天所穿白色内衣。