SQL Server components

Microsoft SQL Server consists of many different components to serve a variety of organizational needs of their data platform. Some of these are:

• Database Engine is the relational database management system (RDBMS), which hosts databases and processes queries to return results of structured, semi-structured, and non-structured data in online transactional processing solutions (OLTP).
• Analysis Services is the online analytical processing engine (OLAP) as well as the data mining engine. OLAP is a way of building multi-dimensional data structures for fast and dynamic analysis of large amounts of data, allowing users to navigate hierarchies and dimensions to reach granular and aggregated results to achieve a comprehensive understanding of business values. Data mining is a set of tools used to predict and analyze trends in data behavior and much more.
• Integration Services supports the need to extract data from sources, transform it, and load it in destinations (ETL) by providing a central platform that distributes and adjusts large amounts of data between heterogeneous data destinations.
• Reporting Services is a central platform for delivery of structured data reports and offers a standardized, universal data model for information workers to retrieve data and model reports without the need of understanding the underlying data structures.
• Data Quality Services (DQS) is used to perform a variety of data cleaning, correction, and data quality tasks, based on knowledge base. DQS is mostly used in ETL process before loading DW.
• Machine Learning Services (advanced analytics) is a new service that actually incorporates powerful R and Python languages for advanced statistic analytics. It is part of a database engine and you can combine classic SQL code with R and Python scripts.