The TCP/IP model

It is necessary to understand the communication models because fundamentally, the network traffic is assembled, packaged, and de-assembled based on these models.

Each protocol operates at a specific layer. Depending upon the protocols being used, the security controls are needed accordingly. This is the reason why one should have a good understanding of the layers of the TCP/IP model.

Before we start working on security controls, let's understand the basic architecture of the TCP/IP model:

In order to understand how exactly layering works, we will look at an example of a Wireshark packet capture.