Group 8

精讲与巧记

strain 1. n. If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do．压力·The prison service is already under considerable strain. // 2. vt.To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do．使受到压力·The volume of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system. // 3. n. A strain of a germ, plant, or other organisms is a particular type of it.（病菌的）类型：（植物或其他有机物的）系，品系，品种· Every year new strains of influenza develop.

dumping n. the act of getting rid of dangerous waste material in a place that is not safe 倾倒；丢弃·German law forbids the dumping of hazardous waste on German soil.

caption n．A caption is the words printed underneath a picture or cartoon which explain what it is about.（图片或卡通的）说明文字·The local paper featured me standing on a stepladder with a caption，“Wendy climbs the ladder to success.”

rebuke 1. vt.If you rebuke anyone,you speak severely to them because they have said or done something that you do not approve of．谴责·The president rebuked the House and Senate for not passing those bills within 100 days. // 2. n. Rebuke is also a noun．谴责·His statements drew a stinging rebuke from the chairman.

caravan n. A caravan is a temporary holiday home that is pulled by a car.（汽车拖行的）临时度假屋·Finally, as the light faded, we set off back to the caravan.

accelerate 1. vt./vi.If the process or rate of anything accelerates or if anything accelerates it,it gets faster and faster．使加速；加速·Growth will accelerate to 2.9 percent next year. //2. vi.When a moving vehicle accelerates,it goes faster and faster．加速·Suddenly the car accelerated.

engross vt. to occupy one's attention completely; to absorb 使全神贯注·The scene was stunning, and for a time engrossed all our attention.

handicap 1. n. A handicap is a physical or mental disability．残疾·He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to overcome his handicap. // 2. n. A handicap is an event or situation that places you at a disadvantage and makes it harder for you to do something．不利条件·Being a foreigner was not a handicap. // 3. vt. If an event or a situation handicaps anyone or anything, it places them at a disadvantage．将……置于不利地位·Greater levels of stress may seriously handicap some students.

resign 1. vt./vi.If you resign from a job or position,you formally announce that you are leaving it．辞职·A hospital administrator has resigned over claims he lied to get the job. // 2. vt. If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it．使屈从·Pat and I resigned ourselves to yet another summer without a boat.

armament n. Armament is used to refer to the weapons and bombs carried by an aircraft or other military vehicle．武器，军械，火力装备·The fears have prompted several countries to embark on massive armament plans.

compass 1. n. A compass is an instrument that you use for finding directions. It has a dial and a magnetic needle that always points to the north．指南针；罗盘·We had to rely on a compass and a lot of luck to get here. // 2. n. Compasses are a hinged V-shaped instrument that you use for drawing circles．圆规 // 3. n. If anything is within the compass of anything or anyone, it is within their limits or abilities．界限；范围·Within the compass of a normal sized book such a comprehensive survey was not practicable.

broke 1. adj.If you are broke,you have no money．一文不名的·What do you mean,I've got enough money? I'm as broke as you are. // 2. adj. If a company or person goes broke, they lose money and are unable to continue in business or to pay their debts．破产·Balton went broke twice in his career.

cultivate 1. vt.If you cultivate land or crops,you prepare land and grow crops on it．开垦；种植· She also cultivated a small garden of her own. // 2. vt.If you cultivate an attitude,image, or skill, you try hard to develop it and make it stronger or better．培养（态度、技巧等）；树立（形象、观念等）· He has written eight books and has cultivated the image of an elder statesman.

resistant 1. adj.Someone who is resistant to something is opposed to it and wants to prevent it.抵制的·Some people are very resistant to the idea of exercise. // 2. adj.If anything is resistant to a particular thing, it is not harmed by it．有抵抗力的·These crops are safe, they're resistant to drought and disease, and they hold the promise of producing more food for more people.

eminent adj.Eminent people are well-known and respected,especially because they are good at their profession．卓越的；有名望的·There is a price paid whenever an eminent scientist pretends that there's no conflict between the claims of science and religion.

throng 1. n. A throng is a large crowd of people．一大群人·An official pushed through the throng. // 2. vi.When people throng somewhere,they go there in great numbers.（人群）涌向·The crowds thronged into the stadium.

deploy vt.To deploy troops or military resources means to organize or position them so that they are ready to be used．部署·The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.

intuitive adj. If you have an intuitive idea or feeling about anything, you feel that it is true although you have no evidence or proof of it．直觉的·A positive pregnancy test soon confirmed her intuitive feelings.

bustle 1. vi.If anyone bustles anywhere,they move there in a hurried way,often because they are very busy．奔忙·My mother bustled around the kitchen. // 2. vi.A place that is bustling or bustling with people or activity is full of the people who are very busy or lively．熙熙攘攘的· The sidewalks are bustling with people.

ingredient 1. n. Ingredients are the things that are used to make something, especially all the different foods you use when you are cooking a particular dish.（尤指烹调用的）原料·Mix in the remaining ingredients. // 2. n. An ingredient of a situation is one of the essential parts of it．要素·The meeting had all the ingredients of high political drama.

速练

Quick Review—Group 8

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words in the block below.

1. They hope to ________ a new strain that combines all these merits but does not have the defects.

2. The major ________ of semiconductors is silicon, the second most abundant element on earth.

3. We answer this question instinctively and quite quickly because we have some ________ sense of the whole experience.

4. What follows after one firm goes ________?

5. While he lived Nehru remained the most ________ spokesman for the Third World.

6. Now that you have seen the anatomy of each component, you can ________ them.

7. You can choose to ________ your growth and intentionally devour life and all it offers.

8. All of these, like gold, are noble metals, meaning that they are ________ to corrosion.

9. All the employees ________ because the employer is too unreasonable.

10. Whatever might have caused some muscle ________, it could be the source of your back pain.