北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2018年11月

Part I Reading Comprehension（30%）

Direction: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Flores Colque celebrated her 118thbirthday last month. She is the oldest woman in Bolivia（玻利维亚）. Following the death of a woman in Japan earlier this year, Flores Colque may now be the oldest person in the world. Her national paper says Flores Colque was born on October 26, 1900 in the mountains of Bolivia.

During her long life, Flores Colque has seen two world wars. Her home country of Bolivia had a major revolution. And the town where she is from has grown from 3,000 people to 175,000. But right now, Flores Colque seems mostly interested in her dogs and cats. She has not heard of the Guinness Book of World Records, and she does not care whether experts confirm she is the oldest person alive.

“She's always been active, easygoing and fun, ” says her grandniece, who lives with her in a simple home with a dirt floor. Government officials have paid for some improvements to the house, adding a brick path and railings（栏杆）so Flores Colque can walk safely. The mayor's office calls Flores Colque part of the country's living history.

On the day a reporter visited, Flores Colque was playing a small guitar and singing old songs in her native language. “If you would have told me you were coming, I'd have remembered all the songs, ” she joked.

When she was growing up, Flores Colque herded sheep in the Bolivian highlands. (76) Then she moved to a valley, where she sold fruits and vegetables. Those fruits and vegetables became her main food, and she still eats a healthy diet—except for a piece of cake and a glass of soda sometimes. She never married and does not have children. She cannot hear very well, but she is alert（机敏的）. Flores Colque's age would make her interesting anywhere, but it is especially notable in Bolivia. The United Nations says the country has one of the South America's highest levels of death.

1.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The oldest person in Japan was born in 1901.

B. Flores Colque is the oldest person in Bolivia.

C. The oldest person in Japan knew Flores Colque.

D. Flores Colque has read the Guinness Book of World Records.

2.According to the passage, Flores Colque lives in ______ now.

A. Japan

B. North America

C. Europe

D. South America

3.The word herded in the last paragraph can probably be replaced by ______.

A. made animals move along as a group

B. fed animals as a group

C. kept animals from hurting each other

D. made sure animals did not follow one another

4.From the passage we learn that Flores Colque once ______.

A. sang to make a living

B. fought in World War Two

C. sold fruits and vegetables

D. worked as an animal doctor

5.Which of the following statements about Flores Colque is NOT TRUE?

A. She is easygoing.

B. She keeps pets.

C. She remains single all her life.

D. She lives alone.

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Playing video games can be a fun way to unwind or spend time with friends. In schools, teachers use games like Minecraft to encourage teamwork and critical thinking.

(77) But for some players, gaming has become an unhealthy habit. Late at night, they are glued to a screen. Schoolwork suffers. The video-game world seems a friendlier place than the real one.

Mental health experts have taken notice. In June, the World Health Organization (WHO) added gaming disorder to its list of diseases and health conditions. A person may have the disorder if gaming has damaged his or her relationships with family and friends, and if it has affected his or her daily activities.

Not all experts agree that excessive gaming should be called a disorder. They say people hooked on video games may be suffering from other mental health problems that should be treated first.

Others think WHO made the right call. Psychiatrist（精神科医生）Clifford Sussman treats gaming addiction（上瘾）. (78) He says kids often have feelings of anxiety and loneliness. They get angry when a parent asks them to stop playing video games.

What makes video games addictive? Playing excites the brain's reward center. After a while, the brain becomes numb（麻木的）to pleasure. You feel bored without a controller in your hand. So you play even more.

One key to healthy gaming is to track how long you play. Sussman recommends taking at least an hour-long break after every hour of play. That gives the brain time to recover.

Young gamers who think they might have a problem should seek help from an adult. Sussman suggests you first answer a simple question: “Are you in control, or is the game in control? ”

6.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Mental Health Problems

B. Excessive Gaming

C. Unhealthy Habits

D. Teamwork Training

7.The word unwind in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. match

B. meet

C. retreat

D. relax 8.Clifford Sussman's attitude to WHO'S recognition of excessive gaming as a disorder is ______.

A. supportive

B. doubtful

C. neutral

D. critical 9.Sussman advises game players to ______.

A. quit playing video games

B. play sports instead of video games

C. go to the hospital to get medical treatment

D. rest for at least an hour after every hour of play

10.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. Video games are addictive.

B. Video games are never used in classroom teaching.

C. Excessive gaming may affect a person's daily activities.

D. Some experts don't think excessive gaming should be called a disorder.

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Jayden Hairston was very disappointed. More than anything in the world, he wanted to learn how to sing. His school in Yonkers—just north of New York City—didn't offer the music instruction he needed. So he begged his parents to sign him for after-school lessons.

Jayden's mother wanted to help her son follow his passion. (79) But private lessons were too expensive. Jayden, then 6 years old, knew exactly what to do. He took out his iPad. Then he began searching after-school arts programs. He soon came across the website for Harlem School of the Arts (HSA), in New York City. There, he could take voice and dance lessons. It was a bit far from Yonkers. But he convinced his parents to take him for a visit.

That was three years ago. Now Jayden is one of HSA'S most active students. He takes singing, dancing, or theater lessons almost every day after school. (80) Last year, he performed in seven productions.

Like Jayden, students in many communities across the United States have limited access（使用的机会或权利）to arts instruction in schools.HSA is one of many nonprofit groups that bridges this gap by offering affordable arts classes. Groups like HSA are funded by donations（捐赠）and state grants. Many also receive money from the federal government's National Endowment（基金）for the Arts (NEA).

The NEA was established in 1965. Its goal is to promote access to the arts for all Americans. Some people, however, believe it's not the responsibility of the federal government to provide arts funding. President Donald Trump's 2019 proposal calls on Congress to reduce NEA funding and eventually eliminate the agency. The Trump administration argues that private and other public sources already provide funding for the arts. Congress has yet to make a decision.

Supporters of arts education say cutting the NEA is a bad idea. It could leave many children unable to participate in the arts. That's because 40% of the agency's grants go to high-poverty neighborhoods.

11.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Arts Education Is Expensive

B. Jaden Has Great Musical Talent

C. Some Students Have Limited Access to Arts Instruction

D. Trump Calls on Congress to Reduce Arts Funding

12.Jayden got the information about HSA from ______.

A. his mother

B. his music teacher

C. the Internet

D. the newspaper

13.Jayden Hairston is ______ years old now.

A.6

B. 7

C.8

D. 9

14.The word eliminate in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. criticize

B. remove

C. rebuild

D. run

15.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. HSA is a nonprofit group established in 1965.

B. Congress agrees to Trump's proposal to cut the NEA.

C. Arts instruction directly affects students' academic success.

D. Jayden takes singing, dancing, and theater lessons at HSA.