自动化腹膜透析标准操作规程
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五、自动化腹膜透析的禁忌证
与CAPD相同,APD的绝对禁忌证包括:
1.慢性持续性或反复发作性腹腔感染或腹腔内肿瘤广泛腹膜转移导致患者腹膜广泛纤维化、粘连,透析面积减少,使腹膜的透析效能降低。
2.严重的皮肤病、腹壁广泛感染或腹部大面积烧伤患者无合适部位置入腹膜透析导管。
3.难以纠正的机械性问题或严重腹膜缺损,如外科难以修补的疝、脐突出、腹裂、膀胱外翻等会影响腹膜透析有效性或增加感染的风险。
4.有精神障碍又无合适照顾者的患者。
六、优选自动化腹膜透析治疗人群
APD适用于有需要的患者,对于以下患者优势明显:
1.白天需要工作或上学。
2.需要他人帮助进行透析的儿童、残疾人、老年患者。
3.存在疝、渗漏、腰背痛。
4.CAPD不能达到充分透析。
5.无尿。
6.体型过大或过小。
7.急性肾损伤。
8.其他,如紧急起始透析、腹部手术(如腹壁疝修补术)后、难治性充血性心力衰竭等。
(方炜)

参考文献

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