Part D Exercises
1. Key to Exercises
2. Translation
3. Reading Comprehension
A. Team Discussion
Work in teams and discuss each topic for at least three minutes.
1. Development Trends of Maritime Transport
2. Significance of Maritime Transport
3. Aims of Founding the IMO
B. Professional Terms Bank
1. Write out the full names of the following abbreviations, and then translate them into Chinese.
(1) IMO
(2) EDI
(3) BDI
(4) LR(S)
(5) GSC
(6) GPS
(7) ISPS
(8) STCW
(9) SOLAS
(10) MARPOL
2. Translate the following terms into Chinese.
(1) maritime cluster
(2) container transport
(3) sale and purchase market
(4) liner shipping
(5) charter shipping
(6) shipping market
(7) newbuilding market
(8) port industry
(9) industrial shipping
(10) freight derivatives market
(11) maritime transport industry
(12) shipping agency
(13) stevedoring company
(14) tally company
(15) shipping route
(16) demolition market
3. Write out the related English specialized terms for the following terms.
(1) liner shipping
(2) maritime transport
(3) voyage charter
(4) containerized goods
(5) sale and purchase market
(6) newbuilding market
(7) main shipping lane
(8) tally on shore
(9) traditional freight market
(10) complete/full ship load
4. Fill in the blanks with the proper terms given.
Sea transport
Inland water transport
Rail transport
Air transport
Pipeline transport
Road transport
(1) ___ has the advantages of low cost, very reliable and frequent departures, and the limitations of limited routes (accessibility) and slow.
(2)___ has the advantages of complete pickup and delivery, extensive routes, and fairly fast, and the limitations of size and weight restrictions, higher cost, and more weather sensitive.
(3) ___ has the advantages of full capacity, extensive routes, and low cost, and the limitations of some reliability and damage problems, not always complete pickup and delivery, and sometimes slow.
(4)___ has the advantages of low cost, huge capacities, and a relatively safe mode of transport with respect to occurrence of accidents, and the limitations of slow, limited routes and schedules, and more weather sensitive.
(5)___ has the advantages of fast, low damage, frequent departures, and the most convenient mode of transport during natural calamities, and the limitations of high cost, and limited capabilities.
(6) ___ has the advantages of low cost and relative large capacities, and the limitations of slow, dependent on water level of rivers and canals, and sensitive to weather.
C. Summary Cloze
The following is a brief summary of maritime transport with some words missing. Read the summary carefully and complete it by filling in one or some appropriate words in each blank.
Maritime transport, also named (1)___ , plays an increasing role in international trade and further national economy. The (2)___ comprises the ocean carriers, the domestic ports, and the foreign ports. However, a shipper cannot view the maritime transport in isolation from the total transport system when making decisions about transport. (3) ___ and (4)___ are the two main types of maritime transport. The former has fixed itinerary and sailing schedule, and the latter mainly uses (5) ___ to go all over the world to canvass the cargoes. (6)___ are included in liner freight, but excluded in charter hire. Similarly, (7) ___ and (8) ___ are considered in voyage charter instead of time charter. (9)___ is the contract of a vessel's chartering used in charter shipping, and it takes many standard forms, such as GENCON FORM, BALTIME FORM, etc. There are many organizations related to maritime transport, such as ocean shipping company, ocean shipping agency, stevedoring company, tally company, and container company. Arranging marine survey, ship's repairs and fumigation, cleaning and sweeping of cargo holds, and supply of bunkers, fresh water, provisions, stores, etc. are some of the business activities of (10)___ .
D. Short-Answer Questions
1. Write out three main components of maritime transport chain.
2. Write out at least five organizations involved in maritime transport.
3. Write out four shipping markets.
4. Write out five basic transport modes.
5. Write out four main characteristics of liner shipping.
6. Write out at least five important trends of maritime transport.
7. Write out at least five changes caused by e-commerce in maritime transport.
8. Write out the main activities involved in maritime transport industry.
9. Write out the main benefits from maritime clusters.
10. Write out the main tasks of the IMO.
E. Writing
Write an essay titled “Relationship Between Maritime Transport and International Trade”, using at least 500 words.