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七、水的需要量
水是体内重要的成分。婴儿体内含水量占体重的比例为70%~75%。一般婴儿约需水每天每公斤体重100~150ml(包括食物中的水),年龄越小需要量越大。婴幼儿一旦发生腹泻或呕吐,很易出现脱水和电解质紊乱等严重后果。由于乳汁中90%以上的成分是水,乳类喂养的6个月以内婴儿,一般无需额外喂水。6个月以上婴儿和幼儿则根据具体情况酌情摄入水。婴儿每天尿6~7次提示摄入水量充足。幼儿在不影响进食的前提下可适当饮水。
笔记
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