1.2 课后习题详解
第一节 翻译中的选义
一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文。
1. 他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。
a. He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change medicine in the hospital.
b. He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change dressing in the hospital.
【答案】b
2. 佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲聪明能干，却也舒服。
a. The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.
b. The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but it was somehow comfortable because mother was a clever and able woman.
【答案】a
3. 富华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。
a. You will be enchanted by the unique European amorous feelings of Fuhua furniture.
b. You will be enchanted by the unique European style of Fuhua furniture.
【答案】b
4. 我那新郎官哪！那个死东西！他就是死也不肯进洞房。
a. My betrothed! Damn him, he simply refused to coiner into the bridal chamber!
b. My betrothed! Damn him, he simply refused to come into the room!
【答案】a
二、译出下列词语。注意词语的不同搭配。
1. 一窝蜜蜂
一窝小鸡
一窝幼犬
【答案】
a swarm of bees
a brood of chickens
a litter of pups
2. 一群美女
一群猎狗
一群鸭
一群羚羊
【答案】
a bevy of beautiful ladies
a pack of hounds
a team of ducks
a herd of antelopes
3. 积极支持
积极的财政政策
积极利用国外资源
【答案】
unfailing support
proactive fiscal policy
make effective use of overseas resources
4. 打电话
打的
打毛衣
打水
打篮球
打农药
【答案】
make a phone call
take a taxi
knit a woolen sweater
fetch water
play basketball
spray insecticide
5. 基本工资
基本建设
基本物质
基本工业
基本利益
【答案】
basic wage
capital construction
essential commodity
primary industry
fundamental interest
三、翻译以下句子。注意画线词语的理解。
1. 两位领导就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。
【答案】The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern.
2. 党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。
【答案】Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.
3. 他们对这项计划提出了修改的意见。
【答案】They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.
4. 大家对这一做法很有意见。
【答案】Everyone complained against such a practice.
5. 他们在会上闹起了意见。
【答案】They had a dispute at the meeting.
6. 你应该听从医生的意见。
【答案】You should follow the doctor’s advice.
7. 他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。
【答案】They reached a consensus on this issue.
8. 还有些未完成的事要处理。
【答案】There is still some unfinished business to settle.
9. 我们就这件事请教过他。
【答案】We have consulted him about the matter.
10. 请回去吧，这里没你的事了。
【答案】Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now.
第二节 翻译中的选词
一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
1. 那要看情况如何。
【答案】That depends upon circumstances.
2. 这种情况必须改变。
【答案】This state of affairs must be changed.
3. 他们的情况怎么样？
【答案】How do matters stand with them?
4. 他把全部的书籍都献给了图书馆。
【答案】He presents all his books to the library.
5. 教师应当献身于教育事业。
【答案】A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.
6. 该委员会由15人组成。
【答案】The committee consists of 15 members.
7. 空气由多种气体组成。
【答案】Air is made up of a mixture of gases.
8. 严格训练，严格要求。
【答案】Go in for rigorous training and set strict demand.
二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。
1. 开船
【答案】set sail
2. 开盘
【答案】open quotation
3. 开春
【答案】the beginning of spring
4. 开工
【答案】go into operation
5. 上当
【答案】be taken in
6. 上进
【答案】make progress
7. 上宾
【答案】distinguished guests
8. 上班
【答案】be on duty
三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。
1. 连续下了三天大雨。
【答案】It rained cats and dogs three days on end.
2. 他爱说大话。
【答案】He likes talking big.
3. 他们在给教室大扫除。
【答案】They are giving the classroom a good cleaning.
4. 像他这样的人大有人在。
【答案】A person like him is by no means (never) rare.
5. 根据你的建议，我们应该办大厂了。
【答案】We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.
6. 如果你那样干，你大错特错了。
【答案】If you do it like that, you’ll be completely wrong.
第三节 翻译中的多样性
一、翻译下列句子。注意画线词语的多样性译法。
1. 尤二姐听说，笑道：“依你说，你两个已是情投意合。竟把你许了他，岂不好？”
【答案】“It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,” Second Sister chuckled, “How would it be if we were to betroth you to him?”
2. 一面说，一面咬牙切齿的，又说道……
【答案】Through clenched teeth he added, ...
3. 凤姐笑道：“他倒不怨我，他临死咬牙切齿，倒恨宝玉呢。”
【答案】“She bore me no grudge,” replied Xifeng. “It was Bayou who made her grind her teeth with rage just before she died.”
4. 凤姐忙收了怯色，反喝道：“死了罢了，有什么大惊小怪的！”
【答案】But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. “If she’s dead,” she retorted, “What’s all the fuss about?”
二、翻译下列句子。注意画线部分的成语。
1. 我说你“得陇望蜀”呢。
【答案】The more you get, the more you want.
2. 得陇望蜀，人之常情。
【答案】It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.
3. 他们两个鬼鬼祟祟的，不知道在说些什么。
【答案】Goodness knows what they’re being so secretive about.
4. 这两天她经常往这里跑，鬼鬼祟祟的，不知干些什么事。
【答案】She’s been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knows what she’s up to.
5. 谁告诉你们了？你们这样大惊小怪的。
【答案】Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?
6. 还是随便一点吧，不必大惊小怪的。
【答案】Anything will do; don’t fuss.
7. 奶奶病着呢，别大惊小怪的。
【答案】Our grandma is ill; don’t kick up such a shiny.
8. 大家听了，说：“我当是谁呢，这样大惊小怪的。没必要吧。”
【答案】When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered, but this isn’t worth making such a fuss about.”