第二章 完形填空
Passage 1
Questions 1-3 refer to the following memo.
Attn: All Staff
The purpose of this memo is to warn you about a disruption to the company’s Internet service. From 12 pm to 6 pm on Wednesday the IT team 1 a new server for the entire network.
The new server should allow us to store larger amounts of data more reliably, so it is a valuable change. 2 , this means that you will not be able to access the Internet from your work computer on Wednesday afternoon.
For some employees, such as sales staff and customer relations managers, Internet access and email are essential. Those employees will be given permission to work from home on that afternoon. For all other staff, please be sure to prepare offline tasks to carry out during this time. We thank you for your understanding and hope that the upgrade does not cause too much 3 for employees.
Regards,
i Naomi Lyneham,
General Manager
1. A. will be installing B. would install C. will be installed D. has been installed
【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文，文章是通知员工将要发生的事件，所以本句为将来时态。IT team与install之间是主动关系，所以选项中A正确。
2. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Likewise
【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文，句中表示转折关系，B项符合文意。moreover而且。otherwise否则。likewise也；同样地。
3. A. dependence B. hassle C. patience D. cooperation
【答案】B
【解析】表示“带来麻烦”，B项正确。hassle麻烦；激战。
Passage 2
Questions 4-6 refer to the following letter.
Chandi Akella
Rapid Technology, Inc.450 Cherry Circle
Detroit, M140355
Dear Ms. Akella:
I was interested to read about your company in the online issue of “Technology Today.” Perhaps your company’s technology can help us. I own a candy company in Tennessee. We 4 a variety of kinds of candy which are sold all over the USA and in other countries as well. As part of their work, my employees use heavy equipment and move large boxes every day. Sometimes they fall, or hurt their backs. As a result, they 5 days of work. Everyone suffers from this situation. These accidents cost my company a lot of money, and my employees suffer from health problems. Rapid Technology’s “cobots” may help. I understand that a “cobot” is like a robot. However, it is a robot that collaborates--or works with--people. So, you call it a “cobot.” Is that correct? I understand that people are 6 when they work with cobots. However, the article I read only discussed cobots at car companies. Could they also be used at a candy company?
We are very interested in cobots, but we are not sure if they would work here. What do you think? Please reply via mail. Thank you.
Priscilla Patton
President, Prissy’s Candies
4. A. consume B. manufacture C. purchase D. desire
【答案】B
【解析】句子表示“公司生产不同种类的糖果”。manufacture生产；制造。在此符合句意，故选B。consume消耗；挥霍。purchase购买。desire渴望。
5. A. avoid B. gain C. miss D. save
【答案】C
【解析】根据前一句提到的摔倒和受伤可知此处句子表示“他们错过了工作的时间”。因此答案为C。
6. A. safer B. more safely C. safety D. more safety
【答案】A
【解析】空格位于be动词后面修饰主语people，因此空格处应填形容词，只有safer符合句意，故选A。
Passage 3
Questions 7-9 refer to the following announcement.
The World Hunger Council is committed to doing all we can to fight the problems of hunger and poverty in our world. To this end, we are putting on a "Race Against Hunger" event on the weekend on August 21st. The primary 7 of this event is to raise money for the council's upcoming charity drive for Africa, where we will be partnering with the organization Food Relief to deliver food supplies to rural African villages. We 8 with Food Relief many times in the past and are quite confident in their ability to help us in this endeavor.
Anyone interested in participating in the race should register at http://hungerrace.org. Also, all racers will be required to raise $150,100% of which will go towards ending hunger in Africa. Questions about the event can be directed to Pam Smith, charity 9 for the World Hunger Council, at 555-2940.
Thank you for fighting with us to make the world a better place, and see you at the race!
7. A. shot B. concern C. sign D. goal
【答案】D
【解析】根据上下文，句中表示“活动最初的目的”，D项符合文意。goal目标。
8. A. will cooperate B. cooperates C. would be coopering D. have cooperated
【答案】D
【解析】表示已经合作过多次，用完成时态，所以选择D。
9. A. coordinated B. coordination C. coordinating D. oordinator
【答案】D
【解析】逗号后的句子为修饰限定Pam Smith，所以应选择表示人的名词，选择D项。coordinator协调者。
Passage4
Questions10-12 refer to the following report.
Dry Weather Leads to Poor Harvest Farms throughout Minnesota are harvesting record low amounts of soybean production. The extremely dry conditions since the first of May 10 most of the crop. Corn farmers are slightly better off.
Livestock costs are now increasing as feed becomes more expensive and animals continue to be lost during the heat wave.
Last year’s overproduction of soybeans means stockpiles have been able to supply market needs. Therefore, farmers in other areas who are capable 11 harvesting soybeans this month will not benefit significantly from higher prices.
Most farmers will try to 12 their bank loans this fall in hopes of a better crop next year. If that harvest is as poor as this year’s, many farmers may be forced out of business.
10. A. destroyed B. will destroy C. have destroyed D.were destroying
【答案】C
【解析】根据句中时间状语since the first of May可知句子用完成时态，选择C项。
11. A. to B. in C. for D. of
【答案】D
【解析】be capable of为固定搭配，意为“有能力从事…”，所以选择D项。
12. A. extend B. suspend C. spoil D. decorate
【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文，此处意为“延长银行贷款”，所以选项中extend正确。suspend暂时，中断。spoil破坏；宠坏；(食物)馊掉。decorate装饰。
Passage 5
Questions 13-15 refer to the following article.
Friday's trading session ended after small gains followed by similar losses left the market in nearly the same spot as where it started. Following one of the worst weeks in global trading history, it was good news for the day, perhaps, but it failed to 13 investor fears.
Worldwide markets are down an average of 13.1% since Monday, one of the largest single weekly drops ever recorded. Europe led the fall, losing a combined 19% among its member states. East Asian markets seemed to suffer the least damage.
Experts are looking to America to somehow quicken its economic recovery and send more confidence and capital into the global system. Without this, we're unlikely to see much improvement. Several nations have 14 a bank holiday for the coming Monday. This will give investors a three-day weekend to calm themselves and avoid more panicked sell-offs next week. The break in trading will be 15 to many, although it may be short-lived. Analysts worry that this move will simply postpone the inevitable.
13. A. catch B. ease C. hold D. rest
【答案】B
【解析】此处意为“减轻投资者的恐惧”，选项中B项正确。ease缓和。
14. A. declared B. asserted C. implied D. reclaimed
【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文，表示宣布一个银行假期，所以A项正确。declare声明，宣布。assert宣称。reclaim改造，感化。
15. A. desperate B. sympathetic C. interesting D. welcome
【答案】D
【解析】根据上下文，此处意为“受很多人的欢迎”，故D项符合文意。welcome受欢迎的。sympathetic同情的。
Passage 6
Questions16-18 refer to the following instructions.
Dear Conference Presenter,
Thank you for agreeing to present a talk at this year's Emerging Markets. Conference on September 14. To help the event run as 16 as possible, please read the following information.
Firstly, you need to send an electronic copy of the presentation to the conference organizing team at least 48 hours prior to the event. If you do so, the team will be able to check the audio-visual systems in advance and ensure there are no glitches on the day of the conference.
Secondly, the conference organizers will cover your travel and accommodation 17 .
Please get in touch with the Conference World administrator, Julia Parkes, who will make the arrangements for your stay.
Finally, please note that you are not required to attend the rest of the conference sessions. However, it is hoped that you can make every effort to stay. This generate a more lively, enjoyable and interesting atmosphere throughout the event.
The Team 18 Conference World.
Thanks.
16. A. smooth B. smoothly C. smoothness D. smoothing
【答案】B
【解析】空格处修饰动词，应填入副词，选择B。smoothing平滑化；使光滑。
17. A. inconveniences B. plans C. expenses D. invoices
【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文，句中表示“旅行和住宿的花费”，所以选择C。expense开支；代价。inconvenience不便。invoice发票。
18. A. help B. will help C. helped D. helping
【答案】B
【解析】句子的主语为单数，动词用单数，选项中只有B项符合题意。
Passage 7
Questions19-21 refer to the following notice.
The following rules must always be obeyed by the Santos Pizzas staff.
Staff members must put on a hat or hairnet and wash their hands before entering the kitchen.
Staff members must wear disposable gloves while handling food items. Please make an effort to change gloves on a regular 19 .
Before using any food item, please check the expiration date on the packet, tin, or carton, and inspect the contents carefully. Spoiled food must 20 , and a note should be left to explain when, why, and by whom it was thrown out.
Make sure fresh food items are stored in the refrigerator, and carefully wrap any items that have been opened.
The kitchen area should be kept as clean as possible. Please clear up any spills immediately. The management would like to thank you all for following these 21 . By doing so, you help to ensure that the food served at Santos Pizzas is always clean, fresh, healthy, and tasty.
19. A. session B. occasion C. period D. basis
【答案】D
【解析】on a regular basis为固定搭配，意为“定期地；经常地”。
20. A. discard B. discarded C. be discarding D. be discarded
【答案】D
【解析】句意：坏掉的食物必须被扔掉。为被动语态，选择D。
21. A. gauges B. measures C. rates D. degrees
【答案】B
【解析】“遵守这些规定、措施”，B项符合文意。measure措施。gauge计量表；(判断的)标准。rate速度；比率；费用。
Passage 8
Questions 22-24 refer to the following advertisement.
Why pay an expensive fitness center subscription fee? Why waste time and energy going to a public gym? 22 , you can get a complete workout at home by buying a CDX Home Gym.
The CDX Home Gym is a total workout system. It has over 10 fully 23 weights and settings. What this means is that you can set up the machine to match your own unique workout needs. The CDX Home Gym also comes with a complementary workout DVD with fitness guru Mark Shaw.
The CDX Home Gym is available for just $450, plus $25 for 24 Assembly is required, with all parts, tools, and instructions included in the delivery.
22. A. Moreover B. Accordingly C. Instead D. Despite
【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文，可知此处表示转折，选择C。instead代替；反而。
23. A. reliable B. adjustable C. measurable D. tradable
【答案】B
【解析】根据下文可知本句中提到的设置是可调节的，所以B项正确。adjustable可调节的。reliable可靠的。measurable可测量的。tradable可买卖的。
24. A. shipping B. installation C. building D. compilation
【答案】A
【解析】此处表示25美元的运费，所以A项符合文意。shipping船运。installation安装。compilation编辑。
Passage 9
Questions25-27 refer to the following pamphlet.
Welcome to Camden Provincial Park, one of the country's oldest and most celebrated natural spaces! The 745 acres of the park were 25 to the provincial government by entrepreneur and naturalist John Camden in 1899. Since then, the area has been instrumental in the preservation of the yellow-petaled sprite flower and the western brown shrub bush. These species grow 26 in this region and no other in the world.
In modern times, the park has added recreation facilities to encourage people to visit and appreciate this unique landscape. Over 25 miles of hiking trails await you, and there are 16 primitive campsites available to guests. Please remember to follow 27 park rules at all times, and enjoy your time in Camden Provincial Park!
25. A. programmed B. granted C. assumed D. revealed
【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文，此处意为“有745英亩的地方被给予省政府”，选项中B项符合文意。grant授予；拨款。program程序化。assume假定；承担（责任，任务等)。reveal透露；显示。
26. A. even B. quite C. enough D. only
【答案】D
【解析】空格处修饰动词grow，表示“只在本地生长”，所以选择副词only。
27. A. posting B. posters C. post D. posted
【答案】D
【解析】空格处修饰名词停车规定，用形容词，选择D项。
Questions 28-30 refer to the following article.
The Summer Theater Festival 28 with a performance of Shakespeare's A Midsummer
Night's Dream at Holbert Park. The show, which is set to start at 7:30 this evening, is the perfect way to open the popular annual festival. The Summer Theater Festival will continue every evening throughout the rest of the week. The schedule of events 29 performances of different plays at Grant Lake and the Busby Theater.
The Summer Theater Festival is now in its fourth year. Each year, it has grown in popularity. Festival organizers are expecting this year's program, 30 features more outdoor performances, to be even better.
Those hoping to attend performances should visit the website at www.summertheater.com for more details.
28. (A) beginning (B) began (C) would begin (D) will begin
【答案】D
【解析】莎士比亚的戏剧将要在夏季戏剧节演出，为一般将来时，选择D项。
29. (A) presents (B) includes (C) expresses (D) objects
【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文，本句意为“戏剧节的安排项目包括在Grant Lake和Busby Theater不同戏剧的演出”，表示“包括”，选择B。include包含。present出席，显示。object反对。
30. (A) that (B) what (C) which (D) this
【答案】C
【解析】引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为this year’s program，用关系代词which。
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work force skills，American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as (1) to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired or (2) at the lowest possible cost—much (3) one buys raw materials or equipment.
The lack of importance (4) to human resource management can be seen in the corporation hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second (5) command. The (6) of head of human resource managements is usually a specialized job，off at the edge of the Corporate hierarchy. The executive who (7)it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to (8) to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) . (9) ，in Japan the head of human resource management is central一usually the second most important executive，after the CE0，in the firm’s (10) . As a (11), problems (12) when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers， for example，take much longer to learn (13) to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do) ，the effective cost of those stations is (14) in Germany than it is in the United Stated. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity，and the need for (15) retraining (16) costs and creates bottlenecks that (17) the speed with (18) new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological (19) . And in the end the skills of the bottom haft of the population (20) the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated，the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear. [中国农业银行真题]
( ) 1. A. necessary B. dispensable C. central D. understandable
【答案】C
【解析】 necessary意为“必要的”；dispensable意为“非必要的。可有可无的”；central意为“核心的，处于中心位置的”；understandable意为“可以理解的”。文章的首句概括了本文的主线观点和倾向，即“美国企业轻视员工和人力资源是错误的”，这里是要表达人力资源管理的重要性，central的含义更准确。
( ) 2. A. rente B. acquired C. required D. got
【答案】A
【解析】与hired形成明显的关联对称结构的词只有rented (租用) 最为贴切。
( ) 3. A. 1ike B. that C. as D. while
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查常用结构，根据文章大意判断表达的意思应该是“就像……一样”，like一般衔接的都是名词或者词组，而as一般衔接句子，故正确答案为C。
( ) 4. A. compared B. attached C. detached D. entitled
【答案】B
【解析】 根据文章前后的信息可以判断出此处要表达的意思是：对人力资源管理重要性的缺失。com pared to意为“与……相比较”；detached to意为“与……分离”；entitled to意为“有资格，有权利”；attached to意为“附属于，与……有关的”，故正确答案为B。
( ) 5. A. in B. on C. through D. by
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查惯用搭配，second in command是“二把手”的意思，故正确答案为A。
( ) 6. A. responsibility B. personality C. importance D. post
【答案】D
【解析】由上一句the chief financial officer (首席财务官) 是一个职位、职务可知，该空白处应该填post (职位、职务) 最为合适。
( ) 7. A. supervises B. holds C. manages D. brings
【答案】B
【解析】本句的it指代The post (职位、职务) ，根据文章大意应该是“占有，掌控”这个职位。hold意为 “占有”；supervise意为“监督”；manage意为“管理”；bring意为“引入，带来”。
( ) 8. A. pick up B. start up C. put up D. move up
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：没有机会晋升到CE0。pick up意为“捡起，获得”；start up意为“开始，发动”；put up意为“提供，指导 (唆使) 做……，把某事交由……处理”；move up意为“向上移动，上升至”，故正确答案为D。
( ) 9. A. Furthermore B. Similarly C. Although D. However
【答案】D
【解析】本空前面的信息均是在阐述：美国企业中人力资源的不重要，主管人力资源的管理者在企业中地位不突出；而本空后面的信息则为：在日本，人力资源管理者居于CE0之后，是二把手，明显是转折，四个选项中，只有However表转折。
( ) 10. A. hierarchy B. post C. position D. management
【答案】A
【解析】本句意在说明人力资源管理者在公司的位置，即公司的组织架构，等级制度。hierarchy意为 “层级，等级制度”；post意为“职位，职务”；position意为“职位，位置”；management意为“管理，管理人员，管理部门”。position表示“位置”时，一般指安排在……位置，hierarchy更符合逻辑，故正确答案为A。
( ) 11. A. matter B. fact C. result D. case
【答案】C
【解析】结合下一空进行理解，即问题会浮现。则本空应该是作为一种结果，即As a result。
( ) 12. A. invent B. emerge C. perform D. expose
【答案】B
【解析】invent意为“发明，创造”；emerge意为“出现，浮现”；perform意为”执行，完成”；expose意为 “揭发，揭露”。人力资源管理的问题会出现，而不是被揭露出来，故正确答案为B。
( ) 13. A. howl B. what C. where D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：工人要学习如何操作新的制造设备。只有how to可以表达如何的意思，故正确答案为A
( ) 14. A. fewer B. higher C. 1ittler D. 10wer
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：如果美国工人比德国工人花费更长的时间学习如何操作新型的多用途制造设备，这种设备的有效成本在德国就会比在美国低。只有lower符合题意，故正确答案为D。
( ) 15. A. extensive B. intensive C. excessive D. decisive
【答案】A
【解析】前半句句意为：设备在正常安装运行前需要花费大量的时间。由此可判断本空应该也是表示的大量培训费用的需要。extensive意为“大量的，广泛的”；intensive意为”加强的，集中的”；excessive意为“过多的，过度的”；decisive意为“果断的，定性的”。文中并没有体现这种费用的过度性，故正确答案为A。
( ) 16. A. produces B. generates C. manufactures D. grows
【答案】B
【解析】由于安装运行费用和培训费用的大量支出，会产生成本并造成瓶颈。produce意为“生产创作”；generate意为“发生，使形成”；manufacturer意为“制造”；grow意为“使生长，扩展”。这种生产成本和瓶颈是逐渐形成的，故正确答案为B。
( ) 17. A. promote B. 1imit C. confine D. accelerate
【答案】B
【解析】由于成本和瓶颈的存在，一定是限制了新设备应用的速度，四个选项中只有limit可以准确表达限制的意思。
( ) 18.A. which B. that C. where D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】判断本句是定语从句，能够与the speed搭配的只有which和that，因为介词with的存在，故正确答案为A。
( ) 19. A. Innovation B. Recession C. progression D. adaptation
【答案】A
【解析】由于前文的诸多限制，这里的result一定是消极的。a slower pace of technological中，slower已经表示消极概念，后面的词一定是积极的。innovation意为”创新，改革”；recession意为“衰退”；progression意为“前进”；adaptation意为“调整”。通常与technological搭配的表示“技术进步的是innovation，故正确答案为A。
( ) 20. A. raise B. 1ift C. affect D. balance
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：技能处于劣势的人群会影响技能属于优势的人群的工资，最有可能是降低。AB项均是提高的意思，排除；D项意为“平衡”，也不合理，故正确答案为C项。
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that hold the economy，but there is a third major (1) to consider, the role of government. Government has a powerful (2) on the economy in at least four ways.
Direct Services. The Services, the postal system，for example，is a federal system (3) the entire nation，as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely the construction and (4) of most highways the (5) of the individual states，and the public educational systems，despite a large funding role by the federal government are primarily (6) for by country or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation (7) are also the responsibilities of local government.
Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private (8) in many ways，for the (9) of assuring that business serves the best (10) of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a (11) ，such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable (12) ，but limits their ability to raise prices (13) since the public depends on their services. Often control is (14) to protect the public，as for example，when the food and drug administration bans harmful drugs，or requires standards of (15) in food. In other industries，government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct contro1.
Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government，including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board，attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust，of inflation and depression，by (16) tax rates the money supply，and the use of credit. They can also (17) the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself.
Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to (18) and individuals. For example，tariffs (19) certain products to remain relatively free of foreign competition；imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to (20) better with certain foreign goods. In quite a different area，government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves，by making grants to working parents with dependent children，by providing medical care for the aged and the indigent，and through social welfare system. [中国农业银行真题]
( ) 1. A. economy B. horror C. magnifier D. element
【答案】D
【解析】the role of government和consumers and producers共同作为影响经济的元素。
( ) 2.A. elevation B. emotion C. effect D. election
【答案】C
【解析】have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，是固定搭配。
( ) 3.A. dripping B. serving C. diverging D. clamping
【答案】B
【解析】drip意为“使滴下”；serve意为“服务”；diverge意为“ (道路) 分叉，意见分歧”；clamp意为“夹住，夹紧”。serving the entire nation意为“服务于整个社会”。
( ) 4. A. clearance B. Combustion C. Commence D. Maintenance
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：绝大部分高速公路的建造和维护……clearance意为“清楚，空隙”；combustion意为“燃烧”；commence意为“开始，着手”；maintenance意为“维护”。
( ) 5.A. commonplace B. responsibility C. conductivity D. consequence
【答案】B
【解析】commonplace意为“平凡的，普通的”；responsibility意为“责任，职责”；conductivity意为“传导性”；consequence意为“结果”。the responsibility of individual states意为“各州的职责”。
( ) 6. A. consoled B. compacted C. paid D. bracketed
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：主要由各市政府支付。console意为“安慰，慰藉”；compact意为“紧凑的，紧密的”；pay for意为“支付……的费用”；bracket意为“括在一起，把……归于同类”。
( ) 7. A. services B. boycotts C. budgets D. charters
【答案】A
【解析】boycott意为“联合抵制”；budget意为“预算”；charter意为“宪章”；service意为“服务”。结合文章大意，只有sanitation service (卫生服务) 符合逻辑。
( ) 8. A. banquet B. boom C. arena D. enterprise
【答案】D
【解析】根据后文讲述的一些与private enterprise (私有企业) 有关事项可判断，此处指的是“政府控制和管理私有企业”。banquet意为“宴会”；boom意为“繁荣”；arena意为“竞技场”
( ) 9. A. assertion B. purpose C. asset D. assumption
【答案】 B
【解析】 for the purpose of意为“出于……的目的”，固定搭配。
( ) 10. A. admiration B. interests C. adoption D. accuracy
【答案】B
【解析】admiration意为“钦佩，赞赏”；adoption意为“采用，收养”；accuracy意为。。准确性”。the best interests of people意为“人们的最大利益”符合逻辑，故正确答案为B。
( ) 11.A. monopoly B. acceptance C. abolition D. morality
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：政府调节在一些私有企业垄断行业十分有必要。monopoly意为“垄断”；acceptance意为“同意，接纳”；abolition意为“废除”；morality意为“道德”。
( ) 12. A. proximity B. blend C. breast D. profit
【答案】D
【解析】proximity意为“接近，亲近”；blend意为“混合”；breast意为“胸怀，与……搏斗”；profit意为 “利润”。make a reasonable profit意为“获取一定利润”，符合逻辑。
( ) 13. A. fairly B. unfairly C. friendly D. unnecessarily
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：限制了他们不公正提价的能力。raise prices unfairly意为”不公正提价”。
( ) 14. A. exercised B. broadened C. bankrupted D. exemplified
【答案】 A
【解析】句意为：通常，控制是用来保护公众的。exercise意为“运用，使用”；broaden意为加宽，扩大”；bankrupt意为“使破产”；exemplify意为“例证，例示”。
( ) 15. A. faculty B. quantity C. quality D. fragment
【答案】C
【解析】“食品质量”用quality of food表示。
( ) 16. A. applauding B. assessing C. ascending D. adjusting
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：……试图控制极端的繁荣和萧条，通货膨胀和通货紧缩，通过调整税率，货币供应量和信贷的使用。applaud意为“称赞，赞同”；assess意为“估定，评定”；ascend意为”攀登，上升”；adjust意为“调节，调整”。
( ) 17.A. affect B. accommodate C. adhere D. affirm
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：政府也可通过改变自己的公众开支来影响经济。affect意为”影响”；accommodate意为“容纳，调解”；adhere意为“坚持，跟随，依附”；affirm意为“肯定”。
( ) 18.A. beverage B. businesses C. bondage D. botany
【答案】B
【解析】根据后文所述的“政府允许关税壁垒，以及对进口商品课税”等可判断这里指的是向商业提供帮助。beverage意为“饮料”；bondage意为“奴役”；botany意为“植物”。
( ) 19. A. perplex B. permit C. perturb D. plunder
【答案】B
【解析】perplex意为“困惑”；perturb意为“感到不安”；plunder意为“抢劫”；permit to意为“允许……做某事”。
( ) 20. A. compensate B. confront C. console D. compete
【答案】D
【解析】compensate意为“补偿，偿还”；confront意为“使面临，对抗”；console意为”安慰，慰藉”；compete意为“竞争，对抗”。compete better with foreign goods意为“更好地与国外产品竞争”，符合逻辑。