B
001 be able to 能够
重点解析 ▲ be able to后面接动词原形，表示“能够”，相当于can。与can相比，be able to有时态变化，还能与情态动词连用。
情景对话
Bart: Are you sure you'll be able to carry the case on your own ?It seems quite heavy.
Bob: No problem.
巴特：你确定能自己拎箱子吗？看起来似乎挺沉的。
鲍勃：没问题。
触类旁通
We hope you'll be able to... 我们希望你能…… I won't be able to... 我不能……
Will you be able to... ?你能……吗？
例句再现
How soon do you think you will be able to get here ?你觉得你多久能到这儿？
She hopes all her friends will be able to come to her wedding.她希望所有的朋友都能来参加她的婚礼。
Have you been able to get in touch with him ? 你和他联系上了吗？
He's able to talk after a period of medical treatment. 经过一段时间的治疗，他能开口说话了。
He might be able to pick us up on his way back. 他在回去的路上或许能捎我们一程。
002 be angry with... 对……生气
重点解析 ▲ be angry与get angry都十分常用，angry后面可以接不同的介词，表达的意思也有所不同。be angry with/at后面通常接sb，表示“生某人的气”。
情景对话
Anna: Are you still angry with me?
Lucy: Of course not. It was not your fault, anyway.
安娜：你还在生我的气吗？
露西：当然没有了。不管怎么说，那又不是你的错。
触类旁通
be angry about 因……感到生气 be angry to 因……而生气
be upset about/with 对……生气 be mad at/about 生……的气
例句再现
He is still a little angry with her. 他还有点生她的气。
He was angry with her about her remarks. 他因她讲的话而生她的气。
Please don't be angry with me. 请不要生我的气。
Aren't you angry with him? 你不生他的气吗？
003 be asked to... 被邀请来……；被要求……
重点解析 ▲ be asked to为被动形式的短语，后接动词原形，其主动形式为ask sb to do，注意ask sb to do变被动语态时，to不可省。
情景对话
Sue: Hey, Tom. I thought you were asked to attend the party at Taylor's house.
Tom: I was invited, but with final exams drawing near I don't have time for parties.
苏：嘿，汤姆。我还以为你受邀参加在泰勒家举办的聚会了。
汤姆：我收到了邀请，但是，就要期末考试了，我没有时间参加聚会。
触类旁通
be told to do 被告诉做…… ask sb sth 向某人询问某事
例句再现
He was asked to finish the report before Friday. 他被要求在周五之前完成报告。
He was asked to paint a portrait of the king. 他受邀给国王画肖像。
I'm asked to help in the kitchen. 我被要求在厨房帮忙。
Students are asked to hand in the papers at the end of the month. 学生被要求在月底交论文。
He was asked to give a lecture. 他受邀进行演讲。
004 be back 回来
重点解析 ▲ be back既可以单独使用，表示“回来；放回”，也可以在其后加上其他内容（时间、地点等），例如be back from“从……回来”，be back in“回到”。
情景对话
Maria: Would you like to wait ?The manager will be back at any moment.
May: Fine. But I can't wait for long.
玛丽亚：您能等一会儿吗？经理随时都会回来。
梅：好吧，但是我不能等太久。
触类旁通
be back to do sth 回来做某事 be back until 直到……才回来
be back in an hour 一个小时内回来 be back by... ……前回来
例句再现
He should be back by Friday if everything goes well.
倘若一切顺利，星期五之前他应该就会回来。
I just want to tell you that I won't be back for dinner. 我只是想告诉你我不回去吃晚饭了。
I'll be back in a minute. 我一会儿就回来。
He is just back from America. 他刚从美国回来。
My brother is back from a short stay with our grandmother. 我弟弟在奶奶家没待多久就回来了
005 be charged with 因……被起诉
重点解析 ▲ be charged with中的动词charge意为“指控，起诉”，注意表示“被起诉”时介词应用with。charge作名词时，也有“指控，控告”之意。
情景对话
Ann: Did you hear that our neighbor Mr. Bart was charged with forgery?
Lily: Yes. But he was found innocent later.
安：你听说了吗？我们的邻居巴特先生因为伪造被起诉了。
莉莉：听说了。但是后来发现他是无罪的。
触类旁通
charge sb with sth 因某事起诉∕谴责某人 criminal charge 刑事指控
be in charge of 负责
例句再现
Do you have the evidence to charge him ?你有证据控告他吗？
Police have charged her with corruption. 警方已经起诉她犯有贪污罪。
She charged him with theft. 她控告他盗窃。
The man was charged with burglary. 这个人因入室盗窃而被指控。
He is in charge of hiring and firing in the company. 他在公司负责雇佣和解聘事务。
006 be fit for 适合……的
重点解析 ▲ 该词组中fit作形容词，表示“适合的，合适的，适当的”，主语可以是sb，也可以是sth。词组be fit for与be suitable for表达的意思相同，均指“适合于，适合……的”。
情景对话
Oscar: Tell me the truth. Do you think I'm fit for the job?
Romeo: Absolutely.
奥斯卡：告诉我实话，你觉得我适合做这份工作吗？
罗密欧：绝对的。
触类旁通
sth be fit to do 某物适用于 sb be fit to do 某人适合做
例句再现
The house is too old and crummy, and it is not fit for human habitation any more.这座房子太破旧了，已不再适合人居住了。
As it turned out, she was fit for the job. 结果证明，她适合做这份工作。
The water in the well is not fit for drinking any more. 这井里的水已不适合饮用。
He was not fit to be a father. 他不配做一个父亲。
The girl is not fit to travel long distance yet. 这个女孩还不宜进行长途跋涉。
007 be glad to do sth 很高兴做某事
重点解析 ▲ be glad to do sth表示“乐意做某事，很高兴做某事”，glad后面也可以跟that从句。I am glad to see/meet you为见面时的客套用语，意为“很高兴见到你”。
情景对话
Eva: Wow! It's the best present I have ever received. I love it.
Green: Great! I'm glad to know you like it.
伊娃：哇！这是我收到的最好的礼物。我很喜欢。
格林：太好了！很高兴你能喜欢。
触类旁通
Glad/Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。 I'd be glad to... 我很乐意……
He'll be glad to... 他将很高兴能……
例句再现
I'm so glad to hear you get your ideal job. 听闻你找到理想的工作，我真高兴。
She was glad to get back. 她很高兴能回来。
I'm only too glad to help if he does ask. 如果他提出来，我很乐意帮助他。
I'm glad to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很高兴。
008 be good at 擅长
重点解析 ▲ be good at后跟名词、代词或V-ing形式，与do well in表达的意思相同。其后若跟其他介词，如with，to或for，可表达不同的含义。
情景对话
Betty: To tell you the truth, I'm not very good at dealing with people.
Brown: Well, in that case, you will have to learn.
贝蒂：说实话，我不太擅长与人打交道。
布朗：嗯，如果那样的话，你就必须学了。
触类旁通
be good with 善于；与……相处得好 be good to 对……好，对……有益
be good for 值得；利于 be poor at 不擅长……
be terrible at 对……不擅长
例句再现
I bet you were good at basketball in high school. 我敢说你上高中时篮球打得很棒。
What she was really good at was playing the cello. 她真正擅长的是拉大提琴。
Don't worry. He is frightfully good at this sort of thing. 别担心，他做这种事特别拿手。
I was never any good at geography. 我对地理向来就不擅长。
009 be happy with 满足于，喜欢
重点解析 ▲ be happy with与be satisfied with表达的意思相近，be happy后面还可以接介词for，表示“为……而高兴”。
情景对话
Emily: Are you cleaning the house ?What a surprise!
Harry: I thought you would be happy with this.
艾米丽：你在打扫房子吗？真令人惊奇！
哈利：我本以为你会对此感到高兴。
触类旁通
be happy about 为……而高兴 be happy to do sth 很高兴做某事
...won't be happy with... ……不会对……感到高兴∕满意
I'm not happy about... 我不大喜欢……
例句再现
You are certain to be happy with these young people. 和这些年轻人在一起你肯定会感到快乐。
I'm sure she will be happy with this gift. 我相信她一定会喜欢这份礼物的。
Are you happy with your present job ?你对你目前的工作满意吗？
The boss was not very happy with her performance. 老板对她的表现不太满意。
You're wrong if you think I will be happy with this. 如果你认为我会对此感到满意，那你就错了。
010 be in trouble 处于困境
重点解析 ▲ be in trouble意为“陷入困境；处于困境”，而be out of trouble则指“摆脱麻烦；脱离困境”。形容“做某事有困难”，可以表达为have trouble doing sth。
情景对话
Jim: Do you know the reason why Martin is so unhappy lately?
Margaret: I suppose it's because his marriage is in trouble.
吉姆：你知道为何最近马丁这么沮丧吗？
玛格丽特：我想是他的婚姻出现问题了吧。
触类旁通
get sb in trouble 让某人陷入困境 be in hot water 陷入困境
be in a bind 处于困境 The trouble is that... 问题是…… 例句再现
You will be in trouble if you fail to get there in time. 如果没能及时到那儿，你就麻烦了。
If you are in trouble, don't hesitate to call me. 你如果遇到困难，尽管给我打电话。
Her stomach is in trouble again. 她的胃又犯毛病了。
He didn't want to get anyone in trouble. 他不想把任何人卷入麻烦。
011 be into 对……很有兴趣；热衷于
重点解析 ▲ be into表示“对……很有兴趣”，多用于口语中。into为介词，其后若跟动词，须用V-ing形式。
情景对话
Ivan: I didn't know you liked heavy metal music. Since when are you into it?
Jackson: I'm not sure. Maybe when I was in middle school.
伊凡：我之前不知道你喜欢重金属音乐。你什么时候开始喜欢上它的？
杰克逊：我不确定。可能是我上初中的时候吧。
触类旁通
be into sb 深深喜欢某人 be taken with 对……很喜爱；被……迷住
be fascinated by 着迷于；被……迷住了
例句再现
She is so into him. 她对他非常痴迷。
He is into health food. 他对保健食品很感兴趣。
You seem to be into soap operas. 你似乎非常喜欢肥皂剧。
I can't believe you're into this stuff. 我不敢相信你居然对这类东西感兴趣。
012 be off 离开
重点解析 ▲ 词组be off中的off为副词，表示“离开”。此外，off还可以作介词，如fall off the bike，意为“从自行车上摔下来”。
情景对话
Cathy: Stop watching TV. It's time for bed.
Ben: All right. I'll be off to bed in a minute.
凯西：别看电视了。该睡觉了。
本：好的。我再过一会儿就去睡觉。
触类旁通
be off to do sth 去做某事 be off home 回家
be off one's head 神经错乱 be off duty 下班
例句再现
I'd better be off now. See you later. 现在我得走了，再见。
I must be off to look after her. 我一定要去照顾她。
He will be off to visit a friend of his next week. 下周他要去拜访他的一个朋友。
Since my friend is off somewhere, I decide to look around to kill time.
因为我的朋友不在，我决定四处看看打发时间。
Make sure all the lights are off before you leave. 你走之前请确保所有的灯都关了。
013 be on a first-name basis（因关系亲密而）相互直呼其名；关系很好
重点解析 ▲ first-name为形容词，意为“直呼其名的；亲切的”，因此be on a first-name basis表示“关系好”。first name中间没有连字符时，指“（不包括姓氏的）名字”。
情景对话
Tom: You and Maria seem to be very familiar with each other.
Lucy: Yeah. We are on a first-name basis.
汤姆：你和玛丽亚之间好像很熟。
露西：是的，我们关系非常好。
触类旁通
be on first-name terms 相互可直呼其名的；关系亲密的
have a good relationship with 与……关系密切 be on good terms with 与……关系很好
例句再现
I know you two were on a first-name basis. 我知道你们两个曾是关系很好的朋友。
They are said to be on first-name terms. 据说他们关系很好。
Having been in the company for many years, Martin is on first-name terms with most employees. 在公司工作多年，马丁对大部分员工都是直呼其名。
It's rather difficult for a person like him to be on good terms with others.对像他那样的人来说，和别人友好相处是很难的。
014 be out of one's mind 精神失常；极其愚蠢
重点解析 ▲ mind指“心智；大脑（尤指思考和推理的能力）”，而be out of one's mind则用来形容某人“精神错乱”或“十分愚蠢”。
情景对话
Jim: What do you think you're doing ?Are you out of your mind?
Linda: Sorry. I just want to help.
吉姆：你以为你在做什么？你疯了吗？
琳达：抱歉，我只是想帮忙而已。
触类旁通
be out of one's sense 失去理性 lose one's marbles 发疯，失去理智
例句再现
You must be out of your mind if you think he will lend you the money.
如果你以为他会借钱给你，你一定是疯了。
She is no more out of her mind than I am. 我和她两个人都没疯。
You are out of your mind to make that kind of promise. 做出那样的承诺，你真是疯了。
Get that out of your mind. 别想那件事了。
015 be over 超越，结束
重点解析 ▲ be over单独使用时，表示“结束，完结”，相当于be finished。be over后加基数词，则指“超过……，在……之上”。
情景对话
Oscar: Can you believe that she is over 40?
Rita: No way! She looks as if she was no more than 30.
奥斯卡：你能相信她已经40多岁了吗？
丽塔：不会吧！她看起来似乎不到30岁。
触类旁通
over with（用于口语中）做完 all over 到处；遍及
例句再现
Now that it is over, she is much relieved. 由于已经都结束了，她感到轻松多了。
I'm glad it's all over. 很高兴一切都结束了。
Her suffering will soon be over. 她的苦难很快就要结束了。
Class is over. 下课了。
016 be prepared to do 准备做
重点解析 ▲ prepared是形容词，表示“准备好的”。be prepared to do可以表示“愿意做；准备做”。
情景对话
Mom: Are you prepared to give up the job?
Jim: Yes.
妈妈：你准备好要放弃这份工作了吗？
吉姆：是的。
触类旁通
be prepared for 为……做好准备 prepare to do sth 准备做某事
prepare against 为了应付……（不好的事情）做好准备
例句再现
I am prepared to quit the job. 我已经做好了辞职的准备。
Is he prepared to leave this city ?他准备好要离开这个城市了吗？
It seems that he is prepared to make concessions. 看起来他似乎准备做出让步。
The boy isn't prepared for the match. 这个男孩还没有为比赛做好准备。
I think he is prepared for the travel. 我想他已经做好了去旅游的准备。
017 be ready 准备好了
重点解析 ▲ be ready后面可接动词不定式，be ready to do表示“准备好做……；乐意做……”的含义；也可跟介词for，指“为……做好准备”。
情景对话
Lily: The truth is I'm not ready to step aside yet.
Linda: But sometimes things are simply out of our control.
莉莉：事实上我还没有准备让位。
琳达：但是有时候事情并不是我们所能控制的。
触类旁通
get ready for（使）准备好…… get ready to do 准备做
be prepared for 对……有所准备
例句再现
To be ready from the start is the key to success. 从一开始就准备充分是成功的关键。
He is ready for a sleep. 他准备睡觉了。
He is ready to help others. 他乐于帮助别人。
I'm ready to resign. 我准备辞职了。
Are you ready to board ?你准备好登机了吗？
018 be sorry about 对……感到抱歉∕遗憾
重点解析 ▲ be sorry about和be sorry for都可以表示“对……感到抱歉/遗憾”，前者强调主语对“某人或某事感到遗憾”，而后者则指因主语本身的原因而“感到抱歉”。此外be sorry后面还可以用that从句。
情景对话
Hill: I'm sorry about that.
John: That's OK. I was also to blame.
希尔：我很抱歉。
约翰：没关系，我也有不对的地方。
触类旁通
be sorry to do sth 很抱歉做某事 I'm sorry, but... 很抱歉，但是……
You will be sorry about... 你以后会后悔…… I should be sorry to... 对……我感到遗憾。
例句再现
I was sorry about all the trouble I'd caused. 我为自己造成的所有不便而感到抱歉。
I am sorry about your son's illness. 对于你儿子的病我感到很难过。
You will be sorry about it if you don't do as I said. 如果不按照我说的去做，你会后悔的。
I'm sorry to call so late, but it's urgent. 很抱歉这么晚打电话，但是事情很紧急。
019 be supposed to 应当
重点解析 ▲ be supposed to后加动词原形，主语可以是人也可以是物，当主语是人时，该短语相当于should，多用来表示劝告、建议、责任、义务等；当主语为物时，表示“本应，本该”。
情景对话
Jane: Am I supposed to call back?
Julia: In my opinion, there is no need.
简：我是不是应该回电话？
茱莉娅：在我看来，没有必要。
触类旁通
Aren't you supposed to... ?你不是应该……吗？ I was supposed to... 我本来应该……
This is supposed to be..., not... 这应该是……不是……
It wasn't supposed to be...but... 这本来不是……，但……
例句再现
I know I'm not supposed to speak Chinese at the English Corner.我知道我不应该在英语角说汉语。
What is that supposed to mean ?那到底是什么意思？
The show is supposed to start at 8 p.m. 表演预定晚上8点开始。
What am I supposed to do with these books ?我应该怎么处理这些书？
020 be sure to 一定
重点解析 ▲ be sure to后加动词原形，表示“一定要”，多用于叮嘱对方做某事。与之意思相同的表达还有make sure to。
情景对话
George: Dad, can I go hiking with my friends tomorrow?
Ivan: Sure. But be sure to wear the correct shoes to prevent injuries.
乔治：爸爸，我明天可以和朋友们一起去远足吗？
伊凡：可以。但是一定要穿双合适的鞋，以免受伤。
触类旁通
be sure of 确信 be sure that 注意，一定要
be sure about 对……有把握 be sure of oneself 自信
例句再现
Work harder, and you will be sure to succeed. 再努力点，你一定会成功的。
If you come to America, be sure to let us know. 如果你要来美国，务必告知我们一声。
Our product is sure to appeal to customers. 我们的产品肯定会受到顾客的欢迎。
Be sure to lock the door before you go to bed. 睡觉之前，一定要把门锁好。
You're sure to be scolded for coming back late. 如果回来得晚，你一定会受到责备的。
021 be up to 胜任，从事于
重点解析 ▲ be up to中的to为介词，后面可加sb或sth，be up to sb指“由某人来决定，取决于某人”，而be up to sth则指“有能力做某事；忙于某事”。
情景对话
Frank: I haven't seen you for quite a while. What have you been up to?
Helen: Actually, I've been busy working, trying to meet the deadline.
弗兰克：我有段时间没看到你了。你最近在忙什么？
海伦：实际上，我一直在忙工作，尽力如期完成。
触类旁通
be up for 打算；考虑 be up 起床；（时间）到了；（期限）截止
be up to one's neck 忙得不可开交 feel up to 觉得能够胜任
例句再现
I don't think he is up to the work. 我认为他不能胜任这份工作。
I think she is up to something. 我感觉她有所企图。
It's up to you. 这由你作主。
She called last night, asking what I'd been up to. 她昨晚打电话了，问我在做什么。
I heard the house was up for auction. 我听说这栋房子要拍卖。
022 be with 与……在一起；支持；理解；受雇于
重点解析 ▲ be with后面跟sb，表示“与某人在一起”，还可以用来询问是否听懂某人说的话，如：Are you with me（你听明白我说的话了吗）
情景对话
Newman: Is she your sister?
Mary: No. But she's been with us for a very long time.
纽曼：她是你妹妹吗？
玛丽：不是的。但是她和我们在一起很久了。
触类旁通
have been with sb 认识某人 What's with... ……?怎么回事？
You can't be with...all the time. 你不能总和……在一起。
My grumble is with... 我不满的是……
例句再现
Be with you in a second. 我一会儿就来。
She sometimes feels awkward to be with people she doesn't know.
和陌生人在一起时，她偶尔会感到别扭。
What's with you ?你怎么了？
What's with all this ?这是怎么一回事？
Wait for a moment and I'll be right with you. 等一会儿，我马上就来。
023 be worried about 担心……
重点解析 ▲ be worried除了可以接介词about外，还可以接that从句，也可以单独使用。其对应的动词词组为worry about，表示“担忧；惦念”。
情景对话
Carl: What happened, Anna ?You look restless.
Anna: I'm just worried about the results of interview.
卡尔：发生什么事了，安娜？你看起来心神不定的样子。
安娜：我只是在担心面试结果。
触类旁通
be worried by... 因……而担心 be worried that... 担心……
例句再现
He's not at all worried about getting the job. 他对得到这份工作一点都不担心。
All she's worried about is whether he is safe. 她只担心他是否安全。
Don't be worried about trifles. 不要因琐事而烦恼。
I can assure you that there is nothing to be worried about. 我向你保证没有什么可担心的。
I was worried I wouldn't be accepted. 我担心自己不被接受。
024 be worth 值得；有……的价值
重点解析 ▲ be worth中的worth为形容词，其后可直接跟名词、代词或V-ing形式，表示“值得”或“价值是”。其后也可跟介词of，构成词组be worth of。
情景对话
Martin: Are you sure it's worth spending so much time on this?
May: No, I'm not sure.
马丁：在这上面花费如此多的时间，你确定值得吗？
梅：不，我不确定。
触类旁通
be worth it 值得，有好处 be worthy of 值得；配得上
be worthy to do sth 值得做某事 be worthwhile to do sth 值得做某事
例句再现
They believe the diamond must be worth billions. 他们相信那颗钻石一定价值连城。
It might be worth waiting a while. 或许有必要等一等。
I don't think it's worth of your efforts. 我认为它不值得你付出努力。
This cathedral is really worth a quick look. 这座教堂真的值得一看。
025 begin to 开始
重点解析 ▲ begin to后面可以接动词原形，表示“开始做”，相当于start to do。begin的过去式和过去分词分别为began和begun。
情景对话
Cooper: It's indeed very sad. But let bygones be bygones.
Daniel: You're right. I should begin to look ahead.
库珀：确实很令人伤心，但是过去的事就让它过去吧。
丹尼尔：你说得对，我应该开始向前看了。
触类旁通
You can't begin to imagine... 你无法想象…… begin doing sth 开始做某事
例句再现
He began to let go his obsession with computer games. 他开始逐渐放下对电脑游戏的痴迷。
She sat down and began to work. 她坐了下来，然后开始工作。
The police have begun to investigate the robbery. 警方已开始调查这次抢劫事件。
I begin to think we are not that close to her. 我开始认为我们和她的关系其实没那么好。
I began to wish I had mustered the courage to ask her out.
我开始想当时我要是鼓足勇气约她出去就好了。
026 begin with... 从……开始
重点解析 ▲ 介词with后面接开始的对象，begin后面跟介词by时，by后多用V-ing形式。begin也可直接接名词，表示“开始做某事”。
情景对话
Conan: Are you saying you didn't quite enjoy your trip?
David: Exactly. I will begin with my trip on the plane.
科南：你是说你不太喜欢那次旅行？
戴维：是的。我还是从飞机上说起吧！
触类旁通
begin as 以……作为开始 to begin with 首先
in the beginning 开始 start with 以……开始
例句再现
You could begin with a few formalities. 你可以先讲几句客套话开场。
In this section, we will begin with a review of the theory of relativity.
在这一节，我们首先回顾一下相对论。
You can begin with this one. 你可以先做这个。
I'd like to begin with an apology for not telling the whole truth.
首先我想对没说出全部实情表示歉意。
027 belong to 属于
重点解析 ▲ belong to中的to为介词，其后既可跟表示人的名词，也可跟表示物的名词。belong with也有“属于”之意，但是belong to表示所有关系，而belong with则强调“归于；和……在一起”。
情景对话
Donne: How do you know it's not Mary's bag?
Emily: Well, you can see the bag belongs to a male.
多恩：你怎么知道这不是玛丽的包？
艾米丽：嗯，你可以看出来这是男性的包。
触类旁通
belong in 适合于；属于；住在
belong together 属于彼此（用来表示恋人的亲密关系） a sense of belonging 归属感
例句再现
Take it back; it does not belong to you. 把它拿回去，它不属于你。
He belongs to this club. 他是这个俱乐部的成员。
Does this car belong to your neighbor ?这辆小汽车是你邻居的吗？
These books belong to the library, so you are not supposed to make marks on them.
这些书是图书馆的书，所以不要在上面做标记。
I didn't feel I belonged there. 我在那儿没有归属感。
028 borrow...from... 从……借到……
重点解析 ▲ borrow表示“借入”，lend表示“借出”，owe表示“欠”。表达“向某人借某物”，则多用borrow sth from sb。
情景对话
Harry: Can you just borrow some jewels from a friend?
Grace: I wish I could.
哈利：你能不能向朋友借些珠宝？
格蕾丝：我希望我能。
触类旁通
borrow money from 向……借钱，贷款
lend...to... 把……借给…… owe sth to sb 欠某人某物
例句再现
You can borrow books from the library. 你可以在图书馆借书。
He does not allow anybody to borrow clothes from him. 他不允许别人向他借衣服。
I did not know anyone I could borrow money from at that time.
那时我不知道可以向什么人借钱。
It seems he is always borrowing money from his friends. 他似乎总在向朋友借钱。
Why don't you borrow your sister's dress ?你为何不借你妹妹的裙子呢？
029 break away 挣脱；逃脱
重点解析 ▲ break away后面可跟from sb/sth，表示“挣脱；逃脱”，也可指“摆脱束缚或控制”。常用短语break away from conventions表示“打破常规”。
情景对话
Mark: I'm trying to quit smoking. But I have to say it's really hard to break away from old habits.
Nick: That's for sure. Old habits die hard.
马克：我正在戒烟，但是，不得不说改掉旧习惯真的很难。
尼克：那当然了，积习难改。
触类旁通
be divorced from 脱离，毫无联系 separate oneself from 脱离
例句再现
They need our help to break away from the difficult situation. 他们需要我们的帮助来摆脱困境。
We were trying to break away from them. 我们试图摆脱他们。
He gave up at last for he knew he could not break away. 最后他放弃了，因为他知道他挣脱不了
She broke away and ran out of the house. 她挣脱开来，跑出了房子。
030 break down 出故障；抛锚；分解
重点解析 ▲ break down可用来表示机器或车辆等出故障，也可以指将某物分为若干部分，此时可用break down sth (into)或break sth down (into)。
情景对话
Jane: Does our car break down again?
Grant: I'm afraid so. Perhaps we need a new car.
简：我们的小汽车又抛锚了吗？
格兰特：恐怕是。或许我们需要买一辆新车了。
触类旁通
break down in tears 嚎啕大哭 break down barriers 消除隔阂
sb breaks down 某人感情失控∕放声痛哭起来
例句再现
We can break the task down into small steps. 我们可以将任务分为若干步骤。
Their marriage broke down two years later. 两年后他们的婚姻破裂了。
The reason why we fail to meet the deadline is that the machine broke down at the busy hour.我们没能赶上最后期限的原因是，机器在正忙的时候坏了。
The aim is to break down barriers between departments. 目标是消除部门之间的隔阂。
031 break for 休息
重点解析 ▲ break for为动词词组，break也可作名词，表示“休息”，如lunch break（午休时间），tea break（吃茶点的休息时间）。
情景对话
Smith: Let's break for coffee and continue with it later.
Tony: Good idea. I'm all tired out.
史密斯：我们去喝杯咖啡休息一会儿再继续吧。
托尼：好主意。我快累死了。
触类旁通
take/have a break 休息一会儿
Give me a break. 饶了我吧。
例句再现
May I suggest we break for a snack 我建议我们休息一会儿，吃点点心。
We're about to break for lunch. Do you want to join us ?我们要去吃午饭了，你要和我们一起去吗？
What about breaking for tea ?休息一会儿喝杯茶怎么样？
Now let's take a short break. 现在我们休息一小会儿吧。
Give me a break. I have no taste for rock music. 饶了我吧。我不喜欢摇滚音乐。
032 break in 侵入；打断
重点解析 ▲ break in中的in为副词，该短语有两方面的含义：“侵入；破门而入”和“打断；插嘴”。作“打断；插嘴”讲时，in后面可接on引导的介词短语，引出打断的内容。
情景对话
Steven: A thief broke in when I was away yesterday.
Thomas: Sorry to hear that. Did you lose anything?
史蒂文：昨天我不在家的时候，小偷闯进了我家。
托马斯：听到这消息我很难过。有没有丢什么东西？
触类旁通
break sb in 使某人适应新的工作或环境 break sb/sth in 训练某人∕某物
break into 打断；闯入；把……分成
例句再现
There are signs of somebody trying to break in. 存在有人试图闯入的痕迹。
The robber broke in through the unlocked window. 盗贼从未上锁的窗户闯了进来。
Never break in when he is talking. 他讲话时，千万不要打断他。
Is it impolite to break in when someone is talking ?别人正在讲话时插嘴是否不礼貌？
At that moment he arrived and broke in on my thought. 正在那时他到了，打断了我的思路。
033 break off 脱离；结束
重点解析 ▲ break off中的off既可被看作副词，也可被看作介词。off作副词时，表示“从……分离”，需要在off后面加介词from。off作介词时，其后可直接加名词，指“结束……”的意思。
情景对话
Jack: You think somebody broke off the branch?
Julia: It's possible. But I'm not sure.
杰克：你认为是有人把树枝折断？
茱莉娅：有可能。但是我不确定。
触类旁通
break off with 与……断绝交往 break it off with sb 与某人中断关系
break off sth 突然结束某事
例句再现
Little pieces break off from rocks. 碎片从岩石上脱落。
When the boss came in, she had to break off. 老板进来时，她不得不停下来。
They decided to break off negotiation since neither side was willing to make concessions.由于双方都不愿做出让步，他们决定停止谈判。
She decided to break it off with him after that. 从那之后她决定与他断绝来往。
034 break one's heart 使某人伤心
重点解析 ▲ break one's heart表示“使某人伤心”，而heartbreaker则表示“令人伤心的人或物”，heart-broken为形容词，意为“心碎的；伤心的”。
情景对话
Kate: How could he do such things to deliberately break her heart?
Linda: I believe he must have some secret sorrow.
凯特：他怎么能做这些事故意伤她的心呢？
琳达：我相信他一定是有难言之隐。
触类旁通
It breaks my heart to... ……真让我伤心。
例句再现
The death of her pet dog broke her heart. 她为宠物狗的去世而伤心。
It broke her heart when he said goodbye. 他说再见时她心都碎了。
We were certain that it would break his heart. 我们确定这件事会让他伤心。
She decided to leave the man who had broken her heart. 她决定离开那个令她心碎的男人。
035 break one's leg 摔断腿
重点解析 ▲ 该词组中break表示“折断（骨头）”，为及物动词，break还可以作不及物动词，此时表示“折断”时，主语多为bone(s)。
情景对话
Owen: I hear Rose met with a car accident. How did it happen?
Shelley: Well, she was knocked over by an oncoming car and broke her leg.
欧文：听说罗丝出车祸了，到底是怎么回事？
雪莱：嗯，她被迎面驶来的一辆车撞到，摔断了腿。
触类旁通
break a leg （祝愿演员演出成功）祝好运
break one's neck 折颈而死；拼命做某事 break one's arm 折断胳膊
例句再现
He fell off the tree and broke his leg. 他从树上掉了下来，摔断了腿。
Jessica broke her leg when skiing. 杰西卡滑雪时摔断了腿。
He didn't go because he broke his leg a week ago. 他没有去是因为他一周前摔断了腿。
I broke my neck trying to finish the work before the deadline. 我拼命想在截止日期前完成工作。
036 break one's promise 食言，不遵守约定
重点解析 ▲ break表示“破坏，违反”时，后面可跟表示“规则、承诺或协议”的单词。one's根据语境换成相应的物主代词或所有格。
情景对话
Jones: I should not have trusted them.
Lucy: I told you they would certainly break their promise.
琼斯：我不应该相信他们。
露西：我告诉过你他们肯定会违背诺言的。
触类旁通
broke silence 打破沉默 break the record 打破记录
break the rules 违反规定 break the law 违法
例句再现
It's likely he will break his promise. 他有可能会食言。
You have my word; I would never break my promise. 我向你保证，我绝不违背诺言。
He is a person who never breaks his promise. 他是一个从不违背诺言的人。
I'm sorry to break my promise. 很抱歉我要违背我的承诺了。
Will you sit by when other people break the law ?当其他人犯法时，你会坐视不管吗？
037 break out 出现，发生，突然爆发
重点解析 ▲ 短语break out中的out为副词，多用来指战争、打斗、火灾等事件的“突然发生”。break out后跟介词into则表示“生长；突然发出”。
情景对话
Jim: A fire broke out last night in this building.
Lily: I've heard about that. But fortunately, no one got hurt.
吉姆：昨天晚上这栋楼突然着火了。
莉莉：我听说了。不过幸运的是没有人受伤。
触类旁通
break out of 逃出 break out of an encirclement 突围
break out in sth 突然被布满某物 break out in cold sweat 冒出一身冷汗
例句再现
Do you know when the Cold War broke out ?你知道冷战爆发的时间吗？
A fight broke out in the middle of the night on that street. 半夜的时候那条街上发生了斗殴事件。
When fire broke out, nobody was in the room. 火灾发生时，房间里没有人。
She has been trying to break out of this way of life. 她一直都试图摆脱这种生活方式。
Embarrassed, the woman broke out into curses. 那女人感到尴尬，突然就咒骂起来。
038 break the news to sb 向某人传达消息
重点解析 ▲ 介词to后跟“传达消息”的对象，即sb，多指以委婉的方式，将坏消息透露或告知某人。break the news 后面还可跟that引导的从句，引出消息的具体内容。
情景对话
Martin: When do you plan to break the news to your family?
Newman: I don't know. At least not right away.
马丁：你打算什么时候告诉你家人这件事？
纽曼：我不知道，至少不是现在。
触类旁通
break news 新闻快讯 breaking news 突发新闻
break the news of 透露关于……的消息
例句再现
Are you going to break the news to her or not ?你会不会把这个消息告诉她？
I really don't know how to break the news to them. 我真的不知道该如何告诉他们这个消息。
At this point, we have to break the news. 现在，我们不得不透露这个消息了。
He broke the news that he was leaving for greener pastures. 他透露他要另谋高就的消息。
Considering her poor health, they dare not break the news to her.考虑到她身体不好，他们不敢向她透露这个消息。
039 break up 分裂；分手
重点解析 ▲ sth breaks up或break up sth均可表示“分裂，拆分”，而break up单独使用时，可用来表示恋人分手或夫妻结束婚姻关系，后面接分手的对象时，须在up后面加介词with。
情景对话
Kate: What happened between you and Mike?
Louise: We broke up, for he didn't want to get married.
凯特：你和麦克之间发生了什么事？
路易丝：他不想结婚，所以我们分手了。
触类旁通
break up into 分成 break up the meeting 散会
break up the fight 制止斗殴
例句再现
Tear gas is used to break up the demonstration. 催泪瓦斯被用来驱散示威人群。
Her boyfriend has just broken up with her. 她男朋友刚和她分手。
I heard you broke up last month. 我听说你们上个月分手了。
Why does he want to break up with you ?他为何想要和你分手？
040 bring about 引起，引发
重点解析 ▲ bring about中的about为介词，about后可加sth，表示“导致；引起”。bring的过去式和过去分词形式均为brought。
情景对话
Michael: He was not supposed to say those words.
Paul: Exactly. His remarks could only bring about resentment and bitterness.
迈克尔：他不应该说那些话的。
保罗：的确。他的话只会引起不满和怨恨。
触类旁通
bring about changes 引起变化 bring about the result 导致这个结局
bring about the war 引起战争
例句再现
This measure has brought about a series of new problems. 这项措施带来了一系列新的问题。
He never thought a small mistake should bring about big trouble for the company.
他从没想到一个小问题竟然会给公司带来大麻烦。
This is how the fighting was brought about. 此次打斗就是这样引起的。
Two causes operated to bring about the armed conflict. 这次武装冲突的起因有两个。
041 bring around 把……带来；使恢复知觉；说服
重点解析 ▲ bring around相当于bring round，指“把……带到某地，顺便把……带回来做客”，而bring sb around有“使某人恢复知觉；说服某人”的意思。
情景对话
Wood: What did the trainer use to bring around the boxer?
Joe: I think it's smelling salt.
伍德：教练是用什么使拳击手恢复知觉的？
乔：我想应该是嗅盐吧。
触类旁通
bring sb around to one's (point of) view 劝说某人支持某人的观点
bring along 把……带来；使发展
例句再现
You can bring your friends around to the party if you like. 如果你想的话，你可以把朋友带来参加聚会。
It is not easy to bring him around to our view.很难说服他支持我们的观点。
You are not allowed to bring him around. 你不能带他参加。
I drink coffee every day for coffee can always bring me around.我每天都喝咖啡，因为咖啡总能帮我提起精神。
042 bring back 带回；返还；使回忆起
重点解析 ▲ bring back词组中的back为方向副词，表示“往回；归还；回到”。bring back的字面意思为“带回，还回”，可引申为“使回忆起；使恢复”。
情景对话
Owen: Why are you in tears?
Rita: I'm fine. It's just that the story has brought back sad memories for me.
欧文：你为什么哭了？
丽塔：我没事。只是这个故事使我想起了伤心的往事。
触类旁通
bring sb/sth back 把某人或某物带回来
bring sb back to life 救回某人的生命；使某人充满活力
bring sb back to health 使某人恢复健康
例句再现
Bring her back for a second injection next Monday. 下周一带她来再打一针。
He went to America to bring back his son. 他去美国把儿子带回来。
Will you bring back my books for me ?能把我的书给我带回来吗？
These photos bring back happy memories of my childhood. 这些照片使我回想起童年的快乐时光。
Don't forget to bring it back. 别忘了把它带回来。
043 bring down 拉下；降低；使崩溃
重点解析 ▲ bring down的字面意思为“往下拉，使下降”，宾语为表示“价格，价钱”的词汇时，可表示“降价”。bring down的引申含义为“使崩溃，使垮台”。
情景对话
May: Any ideas about bringing down the cost?
Oscar: Not yet.
梅：有什么关于降低成本的想法吗？
奥斯卡：还没有。
触类旁通
bring down the house 博得满堂喝彩
bring sb down a notch/peg (or two) 灭某人的威风
例句再现
The first step is to bring down her temperature. 第一步是给她降温。
In slack season, they bring the price down to US$ 300 per unit.在淡季，他们把价钱降低到每套300美元。
They are doing everything within their power, trying to bring down the government.他们正竭尽全力设法使政府垮台。
044 bring home sb 把某人带回家
重点解析 ▲ bring home sb中home为地点副词，sb也可放在bring和home之间。当home作名词时，表示地点，其前须加介词，如at home，意为“在家”。
情景对话
Bart: I shouldn't have lied. Now my mother asks me to bring home my girlfriend.
Black: Any problem with that?
Bart: Yes. The truth is I don't have a girlfriend.
巴特：我不该说谎的。现在我妈妈让我带女朋友回家。
布莱克：有什么问题吗？
巴特：是的。事实上我没有女朋友。
触类旁通
bring home the bacon 成功；谋生 bring home to sb 使某人认识∕相信
例句再现
Don't bring home any odd people you meet in the bar.不要把你在酒吧认识的奇怪的人带回家。
Do you mind if I bring my friend home this weekend ?你介意这周末我把朋友带回家吗？
We need to bring home to her the value of helping others. 我们需要让她认识到帮助他人的价值。
045 bring in 引进；导入；赚得
重点解析 ▲ bring in中的in作副词，表示方向，“在……里；在……之内”，因此该短语有“挣；引入”之意。bring的宾语若为代词，须放在bring和in之间。
情景对话
Anne: Go entertain the guests; I'll bring in the freshly baked cakes.
Bell: Sure. I'll be right there.
安妮：去招待客人，我去拿刚烤好的糕点。
贝尔：好的。我马上就去。
触类旁通
bring into 使达到；使开始生效 bring in a verdict of 作出……的裁决
bring in sales 提高销量
例句再现
Will you please bring her in ?请你把她带进来，好吗？
The investment does not bring in much money for me. 这项投资并没有为我赚多少钱。
It is advisable to bring in some new blood to the management.为管理团队注入一些新的血液是明智的。
We'd better not bring in outsiders. 我们最好不要把外人引进来。
046 bring on 带来，招来
重点解析 ▲ bring on多指引起疾病、痛苦等不好的事情，可用作bring on sb sth或bring sth on sb，表示“给某人招来不愉快的事情”。
情景对话
Anne: Oh, God. I catch a cold again.
Bell: Cold weather always brings on influenza.
安妮：哦，天啊。我又感冒了。
贝尔：寒冷的天气总会引起流行性感冒。
触类旁通
bring sth on/upon oneself 自找的，咎由自取 brought on by 由于……而造成的
例句再现
What can I do ?You have brought it on yourself. 我能做什么？这是你自找的。
That incident has brought shame on the firm. 那件事给公司带来了耻辱。
Bring it on if you dare. 如果你敢，就试试看。
He suffered from great stress brought on by his work. 他承受着工作所带来的巨大压力。
047 bring out 拿出来；发布（产品）
重点解析 ▲ bring out的字面意思为“拿出来，取出”，当后面接表示“新产品，新书”等单词或词组时，bring out还可以指“生产（新产品），推出（图书）”等。
情景对话
Sharp: When she saw him, she could hardly bring out a word.
Tom: I guess she was too nervous to speak.
夏普：她看见他的时候，几乎一句话都说不出来。
汤姆：我想她应该是紧张得说不出话来。
触类旁通
bring out the best in each other 相得益彰 bring out in the open 揭露，公布
例句再现
What brought you out so early ?是什么使你这么早就外出了？
Do you think the trip can bring him out of his depression ?你认为旅行能使他不再抑郁吗？
Please bring out your book and turn to page 38. 请把你们的书拿出来，翻到38页。
They plan to bring out a new edition of the book next spring.他们打算明年春天出版这本书的新版本。
048 bring up 养育；引出
重点解析 ▲ bring up后面加sb时，指“养育，抚养”，相当于raise；其后加sth时，表示“引出，提出”，其中up为副词。
情景对话
Julia: What do you think of a woman giving up her job to bring up her baby?
Kate: It's hard to say. But it will definitely influence her long-term career prospects.
茱莉娅：对于女性放弃工作来抚养孩子，你是怎么看的呢？
凯特：这很难说，但是这肯定会影响女性的长期职业发展。
触类旁通
bring sb up to date 告知某人最新动态 bring up against 使面临；使对（某人）不利
bring...up to the required standard 使……达到要求的标准
例句再现
I don't know how they manage to bring up six children. 我不知道他们是怎么养育6个孩子的。
It's quite a job for a single mother to bring up three children. 一个单亲妈妈养育3个孩子真是太不容易了
It's not the right time to bring it up. 现在提出这事不合时宜。
She doesn't know how to bring it up in front of so many people. 她不知道如何在这么多人面前提起此事
I hate to bring it up, but you borrowed 100 pounds from me two months ago.我实在不想提起，但是你两个月前向我借了100英镑。
049 bring...to... 把……带到……
重点解析 ▲ bring sb/sth to加表示地点的名词或短语，表示“将某人∕某物带到某处”；to后也可跟sb，表示“将……带给某人”。
情景对话
Linda: After filling out the form, remember to bring it back to me.
Mark: I got it.
琳达：填完表格后，记得给我送回来。
马克：我知道了。
触类旁通
bring to life 使苏醒 bring to mind 想起
bring to an end 使结束
例句再现
Have you ever brought your son to the zoo ?你带你儿子去过动物园吗？
I will bring the contract to you tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我会把合同带给你。
Shall I bring the parcel to your office ?要我把包裹拿到您的办公室吗？
You can just bring a bottle of red wine to the party. 你可以只带一瓶红酒参加聚会。
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