Day35 In order to effectively reduce the amount of environmental damage that industrial manufacturing plants cause

The following appeared in an editorial from a magazine produced by an organization dedicated to environmental protection：

“In order to effectively reduce the amount of environmental damage that industrial manufacturing plants cause，those who manage the plants must be aware of the speci？c amount and types of damage caused by each of their various manufacturing processes.However，few corporations have enough？nancial incentive to monitor this information.In order to guarantee that corporations reduce the damage caused by their plants，the federal government should require every corporation to produce detailed annual reports on the environmental impact of their manufacturing process，and the government should impose stiff？nancial penalties for failure to produce these reports.”

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument.In your discussion be sure to analyze the line of reasoning and the use of evidence in the argument.For example，you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative explanations or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion.You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument，what changes in the argument would make it more logically sound，and what，if anything，would help you better evaluate its conclusion.

文勇五问：

（1）本题中，事实是什么？结论是什么？“In order to effectively reduce the amount of environmental damage that industrial manufacturing plants cause，those who manage the plants must be aware of the speci？c amount and types of damage caused by each of their various manufacturing processes.However，few corporations have enough？nancial incentive to monitor this information.”是事实，“In order to guarantee that corporations reduce the damage caused by their plants，the federal government should require every corporation to produce detailed annual reports on the environmental impact of their manufacturing process，and the government shouldimpose stiff？nancial penalties for failure to produce these reports.”是结论，值得反驳吗？提醒大家要注意观察原文的论述是来自什么人，是在什么样的情形下给出的，这将帮助大家提前了解本段的观点可能是什么。在本文中，可以试着思考，一个来自致力于环境保护的组织所编撰的杂志可能给出什么样的观点。plants是工厂的意思，这算是一个小的熟词僻义。

（2）为有效减少工厂对于环境的污染，每一个工厂都必须先掌握自己的排污情况，但是，是否存在这样的可能，即便是了解了自身的排污情况，也并没有产生想要减排的意愿呢？例如考虑到减排后会造成经济损失。

（3）原文中是否给出了足够的信息说明每年报告一次是一个合适的频率？

（4）让企业自我监督并上报是否合适？有没有可能出现伪造报告的情况？

（5）对没有给出污染报告的行为罚款更合适，还是对污染这个动作本身罚款更合适，你是怎样认为的？（污染有程度问题，重污染的重罚，轻污染的轻罚）

写一写，练一练