第一周 雅思写作必知句型
Day 1 定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句
Day 2 非谓语动词
Day 3 并列句、被动句和介词短语
Day 4 主语从句、表语从句、同位语和同位语从句
Day 5 平行结构、插入语、倒装、疑问句和祈使句
写IELTS作
Day 1 定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句
定语从句
定语从句是写作中最常用的句型之一。作定语的从句一般都是用关系代词或关系副词引导的。
1.由关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词who，that，which，whose是用来引导定语从句的。
如果修饰人，一般用关系代词 who。
It offers many conveniences to the people who live here.
它给当地居民提供许多便利。
People who work for charitable organizations usually do so because they want to help people in need.
在公益组织工作的人是为了帮助有困难的人。
Those who receive higher education have more opportunities.
那些受过高等教育的人会有更多机会。
Other careers，such as that of an artist or musician，attract people who find their work personally fulflling no matter what the monetary reward is.
还有一些职业，如艺术家、音乐家，其吸引人的原因在于人们可以在工作中实现自己的理想，而不在乎金钱上的报酬。
A person who considers his pet a child or sibling might have trouble accepting this fact.
把宠物视为孩子或兄弟姐妹的人不大能接受这种事实。
Those people who are against mandatory retirement have the following reasons.
那些反对强制退休制度的人持有以下理由。
The men who have achieved great success are，with no exception，the men who have utilized their odd moments wisely.
取得巨大成功的人毫无例外都是善于利用零碎时间的人。
如果修饰“物”，用关系代词 that 的时候较多，有时也用 which。当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时，在绝大多数情况下都是可以省略掉的。
Animal testing is a barbaric practice that deprives animals of the right of subsistence.
动物实验是野蛮的做法，它剥夺了动物的生命权。
Endangered languages are languages that are slowly disappearing because of technology and the desire for cultures to assimilate.
濒危语言指的是那些由于科技和渴望文化同化而慢慢消失的语言。
Addiction is a brain disease that changes a person’s neurochemistry.
上瘾是一种会改变人的神经化学的大脑疾病。
Genetic engineering is a safe and powerful tool that will yield unprecedented results，specifcally in the feld of medicine.
基因工程是一种安全和威力强大的工具，将产生史无前例的成效，特别是在医学领域。
Overpopulation and fresh water shortage are two thorny problems that people are confronted with today.
人口过多和淡水短缺是当今人们面临的两大棘手问题。
Traditional schools offer cultural and sports activities that the home-schooled children will miss out on.
传统的学校提供一些文化和体育活动，这些是在家接受教育的小孩所享受不到的。
whose 代表“某个人的”，在从句中作定语。
Choosing my own roommate would also allow me to live with someone whose habits are compatible with my own.
我自己选择室友，可以找生活习惯比较相近的人同住。
Those whose obesity is gene-related should consult doctors.
由于遗传造成的肥胖需要去看医生。
2.由关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词有when，where，why。定语从句可用来修饰一个表示时间的词，这时通常用关系副词when。定语从句在修饰表示地点的名词时，常需用关系副词 where。在 reason 后的定语从句可由 why 引导，why 也常可省略。
The kitchen is always a warm room where the families like to gather.
厨房常是温暖的地方，家人喜欢聚在那里。
One reason why I support the building of a modern gym is that physical education class is very important to the well-being of students.
我支持兴建一座现代化体育馆的理由是，体育课对学生的健康是非常重要的。
The main reason why I choose the pig is that，in my opinion，the country’s most valued animal does not need to be graceful or cuddly，but rather benefcial to the average people.
对我而言，我选择猪的主要理由是，我国最有价值的动物不需要很优雅或很可爱，而应该是对一般人很有用处的动物。
The reason why I chose the forests as most important is because they help us in so many ways.By saving the forests，I believe we can save the planet.
我选择森林为最重要的资源，是因为森林在很多方面都对我们有益。通过拯救森林，我相信我们也能够拯救地球。
It will usher in a world where gene defects，bacterial disease，and even aging are a thing of the past.
它预示着一个不再存在基因缺陷、细菌性疾病甚至衰老现象的世界。
I prefer to live in a place where the climate is agreeable.
我喜欢在气候宜人的地方生活。
A museum is a good place where tourists can appreciate the local culture and better understand the local history.
博物馆是游客们体验当地文化和了解当地历史的好地方。
I look forward to a day when we can enjoy a delicious meal at your restaurant.
我盼望着有一天能在你们饭店美餐一顿。
Some parents send their children to a private school where their children can enjoy better teaching facilities and high teaching quality.
有些家长把孩子送到私立学校去学习，那里有更好的教学设施和更高的教学质量。
The reason why many governments ban human cloning is that it is morally wrong.
许多政府禁止克隆人是因为克隆人不符合伦理道德。
That is the reason why many people are strongly against the ban on pets in big cities.
这就是许多人强烈反对在大城市养宠物的原因。
3.非限制性定语从句
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句使修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或东西。这类从句不能省略，否则主句会失去意义而不能成立，或意思不清楚，没有说明问题，甚至显得非常荒谬。在译成汉语时，这类从句一般也译成从句。前面的例句都是限制性定语从句。
非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，省略之后其他部分仍然可以成立。这类从句通常和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开，译为汉语时，从句常可译成一个并列句。非限制性定语从句，在修饰人时用who，whom或whose，在修饰物时用which。在这种从句中，which有时可代表前面说的整个情况或主句的某一部分，而不是代表一个名词。非限制性定语从句也可由where或when引导。
Chinese writing is a unique system of pictographs，which is both very exact and expressive.
汉语书写是一套独特的象形文字系统，不但非常精确，也富含意义。
This，as a result，has made direct face-to-face human contact less and less necessary，which has caused human relationships to become more confusing.
结果，这也导致人们面对面接触的机会越来越少，从而使人们之间的关系越来越淡漠。
For this reason，a high income is reasonable，because with great risk comes enormous proft，which is also the essence of private enterprise.
鉴于此，他们的高额收入是有道理的。高风险赢得高回报，这也是个人职业生涯的实质。
Of course，I could drive my own car，which would give me the greatest fexibility and independence.
当然我可以自己开车，这样给我最大的灵活性和独立自主性。
We should take pride in our cultural legacy handed from our ancestors，which refects our brilliant history and rich culture.
我们应该为祖先传下的文化遗产感到自豪，它们反映了我们璀璨的历史和丰富的文化。
Language extinction is a gradual process，which tends to affect the minority tribes most keenly.
语言灭绝是个缓慢的过程，对于少数民族部落的影响最大。
状语从句
由从句表示的状语可以用来修饰谓语（或其他动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。状语从句可以用来表示原因、让步、条件、时间、结果、比较等。
1.表示原因的状语从句
表示原因的状语从句可以由because，since，as，seeing（that），considering that，now that等词（组）引起。
Furthermore，the people who know us well can advise us effectively because they understand our strengths and weaknesses.
此外，因为他们了解我们，知道我们的优缺点，所以能提供有用的建议。
In addition，because he is not afraid to make changes in his life and take risks，he is more willing to take advantage of unexpected opportunities.
此外，这种人因为不怕改变生活与冒险，所以就更愿意利用意想不到的机会。
In conclusion，I prefer reading books to watching movies in my free time because reading gives me greater freedom and inspires my imagination more.
总之，有空的时候，我宁愿看书而不看电影。因为看书能给我较大的自由，更能激发我的想象力。
Riding a bike is physically benefcial because bicyclists burn excess fat while riding.
骑自行车对身体有益，因为骑车可以消耗掉人身上多余的脂肪。
Since obesity often affects more than one family member，making healthy eating and regular exercise a family activity can improve the chances of successful weight control for the child or adolescent.
由于肥胖问题常常影响到不止一个家庭成员，把健康饮食和有规律的运动当作家庭活动可以增加成功控制儿童或青少年体重的机会。
Since all cigarettes and other tobacco products are poisonous and potentially lethal，they should all be taken off the market.
由于香烟和其他烟草制品全都是有毒的并且具有潜在的致命性，它们都应该从市场中被取缔。
Few drug addicts can do away with drugs because they are so addictive.
很少吸毒者能摆脱毒品，因为毒品太令人上瘾了。
2.表示让步的状语从句
表示让步的状语从句可以由 although，though，even if，even though，no matter，while，whatever 等词（组）引起。
Although the salaries of athletes and entertainers seem exorbitant，there are valid reasons why they receive them.
尽管运动员与演艺人员的收入高得似乎有点离谱，但之所以这样是有充分的理由的。
Second，athletes and entertainers，no matter how talented，invest a lot in training for their careers.
第二，无论他们多有天分，运动员与艺人都必须为了他们的工作而投注很多心血进行训练。
Although some people say that this limitation is a violation of their rights，the measure has received widespread support among non-smokers.
尽管有人说这项限制违背了他们的权利，但此项措施已受到非吸烟者的广泛支持。
Although the pig is important primarily as a source of food，it also has some symbolic value.
虽然猪的重要性主要是在于食用价值，但它还有其象征意义上的价值。
Finally，although hunting and fghting techniques are no longer as essential，games can still help us develop certain practical skills.
最后，虽然打猎和战斗技巧不再那么必要，游戏仍然可以帮助我们培养一些实用的技巧。
Although the traditional artists may not create commercial benefts，they can enrich our spiritual life and civilize our society.
虽然传统艺术家们或许不能创造商业价值，但他们可以丰富我们的精神生活，让社会变得文明。
Although tourism brings us a huge amount of foreign currency and creates many job opportunities，it poses potential risks to the conservation of indigenous culture.
尽管旅游业给我们带来大量的外汇，创造许多就业机会，但它对当地文化的保护构成潜在威胁。
Though nuclear technology has signifcant impacts on human civilization，we shall never lose sight of its risks.
虽然核技术对人类文明产生了巨大影响，但是我们绝不能无视它的危害性。
No matter how advanced and convenient e-books are，p-books still have a larger market share.
不管电子书籍多么先进和方便，传统书籍依然占据较大的市场份额。
While modern life offers us many conveniences，it also requires us to deal with pressure and frustration in daily life.
虽然现代生活的确带给我们许多便利，但也使我们在日常生活中要应付很多的压力与挫折。
Second，while basing their pay on how many their students learn might motivate teachers to teach better，it will certainly lead them to put too much pressure on the students.
第二，付薪方式以学生的学习成果为基准也许会激励老师要教得更好，但也一定会让他们把太多压力强加在学生身上。
While I look forward to making many new friends at university，I know that not everyone is easy to live with.
虽然我期待在大学里结交许多新朋友，但我知道并不是每个人都那么容易相处。
3.表示条件的状语从句
表示条件的状语从句可以由 if，unless，in case，so （as） long as，so far as，on condition （that），provided （that） 等词（组）引导。
If we don’t know what we want to achieve，we are unlikely to make much progress.
如果我们不知道要达到什么，就不可能有很大的进步。
If someone else is going to be affected by the decision，for example，our spouse or business partner，that person should be able to voice his opinion and take part in the decision-making process.
例如，如果还有其他人，如我们的配偶或生意伙伴，会因这项决定而受影响，他们就应该有权表达意见，并参与决策。
If a company were to give a sum of money to one of these causes，it would be diffcult to choose between them.
如果有公司要给这些事业之一提供一大笔钱，这将很难抉择。
If mankind destroys the environment，we will not be able to survive.Second，because industry causes much of the damage to the environment，I believe that companies have some responsibility to support conservation and cleanup efforts.
如果破坏了环境，人类将无法生存。其次，因为工业对环境造成重大的伤害，所以我认为，企业有责任支持在环保及环境清洁方面的努力。
Finally，if we do not rush through life，we will have more time to enjoy the things that we do.
最后，如果我们不匆匆忙忙地生活，我们会有更多的时间去享受我们所做的事。
If one parent is obese，there is a 50 percent chance that the children will also be obese.However，when both parents are obese，the children have an 80 percent chance of being obese.
如果父母中有一个肥胖，小孩有 50% 的概率肥胖；如果父母双方都肥胖，小孩就有 80%的概率肥胖。
If museums are entirely funded by the state，they will have little incentive to increase visitor numbers and to make their collections exciting and accessible for all.
如果博物馆完全由政府资助的话，它们将没有动力去吸引更多的参观者，也不会努力使收藏品更加吸引人，为大众服务。
If free museum entry were considered a cultural right，shouldn’t the state make theatre tickets free as well？
如果免费参观博物馆被视为一种文化权利的话，那么政府是否也应该对剧院实行免票呢？
If museums are not funded suffciently by government，they will be forced to charge for entry，and this will inevitably deter many potential visitors，especially the poor and those whose educational and cultural opportunities have already been limited.
如果博物馆得不到政府足够的资助，它们将被迫向参观者收费，这不可避免会失去部分潜在的参观者，尤其是穷人和那些教育和文化机会本来就受限的人群。
If a person wishes to continue working，and is considered fit，it is overprotective and insulting to prevent him /her from doing so.
如果一个人希望继续工作，而且被认为是合适的，那么不让他 /她工作便显得过于保护和有辱人格了。
If we could strengthen family life，raise the living standard，and install character values，we would doubtless lower the crime rate.
如果我们能增进家庭关系，提高生活水平和培养（良好）品格，毫无疑问犯罪率将得以降低。
If proper monitoring and supervision are not available to help adolescents succeed，the likelihood of violence increases.
如果没有适当的监督和指导来帮助青少年走上成功之路，青少年暴力的可能性就会增大。
If we take responsibility for the youth of society as a whole，we will not only improve the life of the child，but we will improve the world we live in.
如果为全社会的青少年负责的话，我们将不仅改善小孩的生活，同时也会改善我们的世界。
4.表示时间的状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可以由 when，before，after，since，as，as soon as，while，until，whenever，till，ever since，now （that），once，so （as） long as 等词（组）引导。
When we try something new we may fail.
我们尝试新事物时可能会失败。
When we feel that what we are doing is important and worthwhile，how much money we make is not so important.
当我们觉得自己的工作很重要而且很有价值时，金钱的多寡就没那么重要了。
When we meet someone new，we soon form an opinion of that person.
当我们初识某人时就会马上形成对此人的看法。
Illegal business activities are not only morally wrong，but will eventually hurt the business when the law catches up with them.
非法营利行为不仅不道德，而且当罪行曝光时，必定会伤害到企业本身。
And when we do a better job we will feel more satisfed with our efforts.
而且，当我们把事情做得更好时，就会对自己的努力成果感到更加满意。
When under stress，if I spend time alone，I may continue to dwell on my problems.
如果我在有压力的情况下一个人独处，我就会一直想着自己的问题。
When considering moving into a university dormitory，students will find the following advantages.
当考虑搬进大学宿舍时，学生们可以发现以下一些优点。
And when we take pleasure in our work，we will live happier lives.
而且，当我们在工作中找到乐趣时，我们就会过得更快乐。
Basically，obesity occurs when a person eats more calories than the body burns up.
一般来说，当一个人摄入的卡路里超出身体所能消耗的量时，就会变得肥胖。
As long as we are fully conscious of the gravity of youth drug abuse，and adopt some remedial measures，I am convinced that we can overcome the problem.
只要我们都能充分意识到青少年吸毒问题的严重性并采取补救措施，我坚信我们一定能克服这个问题。
When a community loses its language，it often loses a great deal of its cultural identity at the same time.
当一个社会失去其语言时，它同时也就失去了许多文化特征。
Our eating habits have changed drastically since Western fast food was introduced into China a decade ago.
自从 10 年前西式快餐进入中国以来，我们的饮食习惯发生了巨变。
5.表示目的和结果的状语从句
表示结果的状语从句可以由 so that，so… that，such… that，in order that，that，lest，for fear that，in case 等词（组）引导。
Young people don’t have as many preconceptions and habitual ways of dealing with things，so they are more open to new ideas.
年轻人处理事情时没那么多先入为主的观念和习惯性的做法，所以更能接受新想法。
Schools should also be teaching students certain life skills so that they will be better able to get along in the world after they graduate.
学校也应该教给学生某些生活技能，让学生在毕业后能更好地生活。
First of all，it is something we do with others，so it provides us with companionship.
首先，因为我们是跟其他人一起合作，所以我们能借此同别人培养友谊。
Parents and children should have more emotional exchanges so that the generation gap can be removed.
家长和孩子应该多进行感情交流，从而消除代沟。
Corporal punishment should be administered on children who behave badly so that they will better understand where their fault is.
对表现不好的孩子应该实施体罚，好让他们清楚自己错在哪里。
Tele-education should be developed at a faster pace so that more children can have easy access to education of high quality.
应该加快发展远程教育，这样更多的孩子才有机会接受高质量的教育。
Some teenagers are so blind that they are likely to emulate the behavior of their idols that are sometimes negative role models.
有些青少年过于盲从，喜欢模仿偶像的行为举止，而有时候这些偶像是一些负面榜样。
Air pollution has become so serious that people suffer from a variety of respiratory diseases.
空气污染变得日益严重，人们患上各种各样的呼吸道疾病。
Teenagers lack adequate self-control and self-discipline，so that they tend to revel in games.
青少年缺乏必要的自控和自律，因此他们容易沉迷于游戏。
International tourism develops so rapidly that cultural assimilation and cultural penetration are inevitable.
国际旅游业发展如此迅猛，文化同化和文化渗透是不可避免的。
6.表示比较的状语从句
表示比较关系的状语从句通常是由 than 或 as 引导的。 由于里面常有一些成分没有表示出来，这类从句多数看来都是不完整的。
However，some students have more trouble adjusting than others.
然而，有些学生比其他学生更难适应环境。
The income of male professors is two times as much as that of female professors.
男教授的收入是女教授收入的两倍。
A，which represents 23%，is 20% less than B，which comprises 43%.
A 占 23%，而 B 占 43%，A 比 B 少 20%。
The more tourists arrive，the more serious pollution problem perplexes us.
游客越多，困扰我们的严重污染问题就越复杂。
The earlier you graduate from university，the more opportunities await you.
大学毕业越早，机会越多。
The larger vocabulary you have，the higher score you will achieve in the IELTS test.
你的词汇量越大，你在雅思考试中取得的分数就越高。
宾语从句
宾语从句有三类：（1）由 what 等连接代词引导的宾语从句；（2）由连词 that 引导的宾
语从句；（3）由连接副词引导的宾语从句。
1.由 what等连接代词引导的宾语从句
这些连接代词包括：what，who，which，whose 等。
While there is no way to predict exactly what our scientists and entrepreneurs will come up with，there are indications that advances will be made in certain areas.
虽然我们没有办法精确地预测到科学家和企业家会想出什么新点子，但有迹象显示，某些领域仍将会有进步。
Everyone likes to succeed at what he does，and it is more likely that we will succeed at things we already know how to do well.
每个人都希望所做的事情可以成功，而如果我们已经知道如何才能把事情做好，成功的可能性就会比较大。
2.由连词that引导的宾语从句
这类从句前的连词 that 在有些情况下可以省略。例如在 believe，think，suppose，presume 等动词后连词 that 常省略，在 say，see，know，hear，propose，understand，be told 等动词后，连词 that 有时用，有时不用。 在大多数情况下还是以不省略为好，尤其是在写作中。
In our fastpaced and competitive society many people feel that they must do things as quickly as possible or they will fall behind.
在这样生活步调快速而且竞争激烈的社会里，很多人都认为做事情必须越快越好，否则就会落后。
They believe that by traveling to the moon and other planets，we can make great scientifc advances and perhaps fnd an alternate place to live in before our own planet becomes too crowded or uninhabitable.
人们认为，通过登陆月球及其他行星，我们可以在科学上取得重大的进步，或许在地球过度拥挤或变得再也不能居住之前可以先找到可供替代的住所。
For all of these reasons，I believe that the best way to reduce stress is to spend time with others.
基于以上理由，我认为减轻压力最好的方法就是和别人在一起。
Some experts suggest that we should encourage people to wear traditional costumes in order to preserve our tradition.
有些专家建议鼓励人们穿传统服装来保护我们的传统。
Many adversaries of cultural globalization fear that Western infuences will infltrate and dominate other cultures，creating a kind of Western hegemony throughout the world.
许多文化一体化的反对者担心西方势力将渗透和支配其他文化，这样一来，将在全球形成一种西方霸权。
Supporters of drug legalization believe that crime and violence would decrease if drug use were legal.
毒品合法化的支持者认为如果吸食毒品合法化，犯罪和暴力将减少。
Advocates of drug legalization hold that if government regulates drugs such as cocaine and marijuana by imposing taxes，then the black market will be eliminated.
毒品合法化的支持者认为，如果政府通过征税的方法对可卡因和大麻等毒品加以监管，黑市就会不复存在。
3.由连接副词引导的宾语从句
这些连接副词包括：how，why，when，where，whether，if（同 whether 时）等。
This diagram illustrates how an IELTS candidate takes an interview.
本图展示了雅思考生参加口试的过程。
In this essay，I intend to explore why many languages and cultures are disappearing.
在本文中，我将探讨许多语言和文化不断消失的原因。
This diagram depicts how people obtain water in the wild in order to survive.
该图表描述了人们是如何在野外取水生存下来的。
I wonder if this practice can stand testing.
我不知这种做法是否经得起推敲。
Some doubt whether compulsory military service is justifed.
有人对义务兵役制的合理性表示怀疑。
There arises a contentious debate over whether gambling should be made legal.
关于赌博该不该合法化出现了一场激烈的争论。
This debate is about whether we should sacrifce animal rights for human benefts.
辩论的话题是我们应不应该为了人类的利益而牺牲动物权利。
I don’t know if you could do me a favor.
不知道你是否能帮我个忙。
As to whether we should abolish corporal punishment，people’s views vary.
至于是否废除体罚，人们看法不一。
Day 2 非谓语动词
非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括：动名词、分词和不定式三种。使用非谓语动词，既能表达复杂的句子意思，同时又言简意赅，使句子非常精练，是写作的加分句型，同学们应重点掌握。
1.动名词
动名词在句子中起名词的作用，可单独或引导短语用作主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语。
（1）作主语
Providing such facilities would have many advantages.
提供这些设施有很多好处。
Sharing our old customs can also bring us closer to our new neighbors.
和新邻居分享我们的传统习俗也可以使我们和新邻居更亲近。
Playing games brings us a lot of fun in several ways.
参加比赛在很多方面都能带给我们乐趣。
Balancing a career and a family is a vexing problem facing many career women.
在事业和家庭之间找到平衡对于许多职业女性而言是件令人烦恼的事情。
Providing condoms to students in public education programs will reduce the incidence of underage pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.
为接受公共教育的学生提供避孕套将降低早孕率和减少性病的传播。
Providing students with condoms actually encourages the earlier onset of sexual activity.
为学生提供避孕套实际上是鼓励学生过早进行性行为。
Eating meat also increases the risk of heart disease.
吃肉也增加了得心脏病的危险。
Increasing ventilation rates can be a cost-effective means of reducing indoor pollutant levels.
提高空气流通速度是个减少室内污染水平经济有效的方法。
Protecting and preserving endangered species has become a popular topic within the last several years.
在过去几年里，保护濒危物种成了热门话题。
Eating meat not only causes cruelty to animals，but also causes serious harm to the environment and to biodiversity.
吃肉不仅对动物很残忍，同时也对环境和生物多样性造成了严重的危害。
Developing positive feelings about pets can contribute to a child’s self-esteem and self-confdence.
培养对宠物的同情心有助于小孩自尊和自信的形成。
（2）作表语
A practical solution to fresh water shortage is recycling wastewater in a scientifc way.
解决淡水短缺较为实际的方法是用科学的方法循环利用废水。
The aim of the program is reducing air pollution.
这个项目的目的是减少空气污染。
Another solution to the environment problem is banning disposable products.
解决环境问题的另外一个方法是禁止一次性产品。
The main task of a responsible government is eliminating poverty，disease and illiteracy.
负责任的政府的主要任务是消除贫困、疾病和文盲。
（3）作宾语
In Chinese culture，calligraphy is not merely writing，but also art.
在中国文化中，书法不仅仅是一种书写形式，也是一种艺术。
They may be attending school or working，but whatever they do，they will spend more time away from their families than with them.
他们也许继续读书，也许工作，但无论做什么，他们不会有太多的时间与家人在一起。
This means making healthy habits a part of our everyday life.
也就是说，要让健康的习惯成为日常生活的一部分。
Keeping ft includes having healthy eating habits and participating in a regular exercise program.
保持身体健康包括养成健康的饮食习惯和经常参加锻炼。
I look forward to seeing you soon in Guangzhou.
我期待着早日在广州见到你。
Going vegetarian means massively reducing the risk of contracting food-borne diseases.
吃素意味着大幅减少感染食源性疾病的可能性。
2.分词
分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，可单独或引导短语用作定语、表语或状语。
分词有两种，现在分词和过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在意思上有主动、被动之分。现在分词一般有主动的意思，过去分词一般有被动的意思。
有时表示的时间也不相同。个别的过去分词（多数是一些不及物动词）并不表示被动的意思而有完成的意思。如：retired workers（退休工人），escaped prisoners（逃犯）。
（1）作表语
Unfortunately，places in university are often limited and reserved for “good” students.
不幸的是，大学里的一些地方都限于“好”学生使用。
The open spaces and parks are limited in the city and are too often sacrifced for further development.
城市里的空地和公园不但有限，而且还常常被牺牲以作进一步发展之用。
However，many careers are now closed to those who are not literate.
然而，现在许多职业并不欢迎不识字的人。
Our natural energy will soon be depleted if we pay no attention to the conservation of it.
如果我们不重视对自然资源的保护，它们将很快被耗尽。
The fact that many animals are tortured by humans for pleasure is disgusting.
许多动物被人们折磨取乐，这种事实很令人恶心。
The fact that a number of aboriginal languages are on the brink of extinction is astonishing.
许多土著语言处于濒危状态的事实令人吃惊。
Surfng the Internet is time-consuming.
网上冲浪耗费时间。
Some TV programs are misleading and corrupting.
有些电视节目是误导人和堕落的。
The Internet is culturally damaging.
互联网对文化有伤害。
（2）作定语
Much of the remaining land is mountainous and unsuitable for development due to its instability.
大多数未开发的土地多是山区，因为地质不稳而不适合开发。
Third，we can expect a growing population and demands for a higher standard of living to put increasing pressure on the earth’s resources.
第三，我们可以预计人口会增加，人类会追求更高的生活水准，因而导致地球资源承受更
大的压力。
One advantage to a child of spending his early years outside of school is that he can learn many things that formal schooling does not teach，such as how to take care of himself and how to cope with an ever-expanding world.
小孩不过早入学的一个好处是，他能够学到很多正规学校教育没有教的东西，比如如何照顾自己以及如何面对日益开阔的世界。
A pressing issue troubling our government is that a growing number of teenagers take drugs.
困扰我们政府的一个迫切问题是越来越多的青少年吸毒。
A problem vexing us is that many people suffer from respiratory problems due to the worsening air pollution.
困惑我们的问题是许多人由于日益严重的空气污染而患上呼吸道疾病。
Too many tourists fooding the tourist attractions pose potential threat to the conservation of cultural relics.
太多游客涌入旅游景点对文物的保护构成潜在的威胁。
Many retired people can still contribute to society with their rich experience.
许多退休老人仍然能用他们丰富的经验为社会做贡献。
We shall bring into full play the talents of returned students.
我们应该充分发挥归国留学生的才干。
Many drivers are penalized according to the newly issued regulations.
依据新颁布的规定，许多司机被处罚了。
（3）作状语
This would encourage more tolerance and harmony in the world，making it a better place for all of us.
这样会使全世界的人更加相互包容、更和谐，让大家能拥有一个更美好的世界。
This means that in a heavy rain hillsides will collapse，causing great damage.
这意味着下大雨的时候，山坡会崩塌，造成极大的损害。
This has made the world smaller and has had a great infuence on business，leading to greater productivity worldwide.
这使世界变得更小，而且对商业有很大的影响，也让全球的生产力增加了。
Taking into account all the factors，we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that mandatory retirement is totally unacceptable.
考虑了所有因素之后，我们可以得出合理的结论：强制退休制度完全不可接受。
Emitting toxic gases and making deafening noise，the factory affects residents nearby seriously.
这家工厂释放出有毒气体并制造震耳欲聋的噪声，严重影响了周围居民。
We should help the wildlife and bring endangered species into captivity to breed them，thus increasing the population of those species.
我们应该帮助野生动物，把濒危物种进行封闭饲养，从而增加它们的数量。
If asked to make a choice，I would not hesitate to side with the latter view for several strong reasons.
如果要我选择的话，我将基于几点理由毫不犹豫地支持后者的观点。
Kept in zoos，some rare animals can enjoy better living conditions and professional care.
在动物园里，稀有动物可以享受到更好的居住环境和专业的照料。
Deeply influenced by excessive violence and pornography on the Internet，some teenagers err from the right path.
由于深受大量互联网色情与暴力的影响，有些青少年误入歧途。
（4）作补语
I feel my heart beating at high speed.
我觉得我心跳得很快。
Some parents fnd their children skipping classes.
有些家长发现他们的孩子在逃课。
I fnd the employment situation frustrating.
我觉得就业形势令人沮丧。
Women often fnd themselves caught in a dilemma whether they should stay home to be full-time housewives or go out to pursue their careers.
女性经常感到进退两难：是在家做全职太太还是出去追求自己的事业。
We found Guangzhou greatly changed.
我们发现广州改变了许多。
We should have the nuclear waste well disposed of.
我们要妥善处理核废料。
3.不定式
不定式，通常句子前面带有 to，有时也可不带 to。可单独或引导短语作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
（1）作主语
To choose a new holiday is not easy.
选出一个新的节日并非易事。
However，to limit ourselves to doing only those things which we are good at will cause us to miss many opportunities to develop other interests and skills.
然而，限定自己只做那些我们擅长的事将会使我们错过许多发展其他兴趣和技能的机会。
To receive an unexpected gift of money would be a happy thing.
意外地获赠一笔钱是件很快乐的事。
To subsidize artists and musicians is a great waste of limited government revenue.
资助艺术家和音乐家是在极大地浪费政府有限的税收。
To send children to a boarding school helps cultivate independence and social skills.
把小孩送到寄宿学校（学习）有助于培养其独立性和交际能力。
But for other people，it is important to adhere to a more personal defnition of success.
但对其他人而言，坚持个人对成功的定义更重要。
For all of these reasons，I believe that it is not benefcial for young children to begin formal education too soon.
基于上述理由，我认为对年纪幼小的孩子来说，太早开始接受正规教育是没有好处的。
It is imperative for the government to constitute more rigid laws and regulations to fght drug-related crimes.
政府有必要制定更加严厉的法律和法规来打击涉毒犯罪。
It is quite necessary to install cameras in public areas to ensure public security.
在公共场合安装摄像头确保公众安全（的做法）是很有必要的。
It is natural for human beings to farm，kill，and eat other species.
人类饲养、宰杀、吃掉其他物种是件很自然的事情。
（2）作宾语
Hopefully，private donations will help to improve both our environment and our lives.
希望个人捐助可以提高我们的生活水平和改善我们的环境。
The new government decides to constitute more rigid laws and regulations to curb the soaring crime rate.
新政府决定制定更多严厉的法律和法规来遏制急剧上升的犯罪率。
Art funding helps preserve and carry forward the traditional arts.
艺术资助有助于保护和弘扬传统艺术。
In this essay，I aim to analyze this thorny issue from diverse perspectives.
在本文中，我试图从不同角度分析这个棘手的问题。
Some people prefer to send their children abroad to receive better education.
有些人更愿意把小孩送去外国接受更好的教育。
Some cities manage to ease the pressure of heavy traffc by restricting private cars and developing public transportation.
一些城市通过限制私家车和发展公共交通成功地缓解沉重的交通压力。
（3）作表语
Another reason for making higher education available to all is to encourage less capable students to improve.
应将高等教育对所有人开放的另一个原因是为了鼓励那些能力较差的学生力求进步。
To sum up，the most important way to help transfer students adjust to their new environment is to ensure that they do not feel alone.
总之，帮助转学学生适应新环境，最重要的方法就是要确保他们不会觉得孤立无援。
One reason people listen to music is to relax and enjoy themselves.
听音乐的原因之一是为了放松及娱乐。
The main reason to be a vegetarian is to reduce animal suffering.
成为素食者的主要原因是要减少动物遭受的痛苦。
The best way to foster a child’s independence and self-confdence is to give him /her a part-time job.
培养孩子独立性和自信心的最佳方法是给他 /她一份兼职工作。
The government’s aim is to produce a comprehensive and high-quality education for all its citizens.
政府的目的是为全体公民提供全面和高素质的教育。
One of the main responsibilities of any government is to ensure the safety of its population.
政府的一个主要职责就是确保人民的安全。
An important way to help your child with weight loss，maintain a normal weight and develop healthy habits is to encourage him to participate in regular physical activity.
帮助孩子减肥、 维持正常体重和养成健康的习惯的重要方法是鼓励他参加有规律的体育活动。
（4）作补语
To sum up，trying new things and taking risks allow us to develop both our skills and our personal interests.
总之，尝试新鲜事物和冒险活动可以提高我们的技能和发展个人兴趣。
A holiday in their honor would encourage people to recognize the important role their pets play in their lives.
一个纪念它们的节日可以鼓励人们重视宠物在他们生活中所起到的重要作用。
Schools can help new students to solve these problems and even to avoid them in the frst place in the following ways.
学校可以帮助新生解决这些问题，甚至可以在一开始就用下面的方法来避免这些问题。
Schools should take steps to assist the new students before problems arise.
学校应该在问题发生之前就采取措施，帮助新生。
Finally，practicing sports allows children to relax and to experience success in an area other than academic studies.
最后，做运动能让孩子放松，并且在学业之外的领域体验成功。
Art funding may make artists shift the focus from creativity towards pleasing funding bodies.
对艺术的资助可能会使艺术家的注意力从创作活动转向讨好资助团体。
A gap year allows us to have a chance to better identify our career interests and goals.
间隔年让我们有机会更好地认清自己的职业兴趣和目标。
An overseas study background enables us to have an advantage over others.
海外留学背景令我们比别人具有优势。
Forcing a person to retire at a certain age is a violation of the right to work.
强迫人在某个年龄退休是对其工作权利的侵犯。
It is a great pleasure for me to invite you to spend the weekend with us at my home.
我很荣幸邀请您到我家过周末。
（5）作定语
But if a person is always seeking ways to change his life，he may not stick with things long enough to gain the most beneft from them.
但如果人不断地寻求改变生活的方法，他们也许就因为不能长久坚持而无法从中获得最大的利益。
I fnd some habits and routines comforting and convenient，yet I do not want to be afraid to face changes or take advantage of unforeseen chances to improve my life.
我认为有些习惯与例行公事能让人觉得舒适而便利，但我不会害怕面对改变，或利用意想
不到的机会去改善我的生活。
Governments have a duty to protect the moral and physical health of their citizens.
政府有义务保护公民的身心健康。
The best way to deal with criminal is through rehabilitation rather than punishment.
处罚罪犯的最好方法是通过改造而不是惩罚。
The desire to have one’s own child and to nurture it is wholly natural.
希望拥有自己的骨肉并抚养他是再自然不过的事了。
Job-hopping offers us an opportunity to exhibit our versatile talents.
跳槽给我们展示多才多艺的机会。
The opportunity for individuals and governments to gain considerable capital for organs sold will lead to appalling human rights violations.
个人和政府通过贩卖（人体）器官获得大量资金的机会可能会导致出现骇人听闻的侵犯人权的行为。
（6）作状语
In order to understand whether the government should censor the Net，one must take into account both the advantages and the disadvantages of the “Censor the Net” approach.
为了理解政府是否应该对网络实施审查，必须考虑网络审查这种方法的利弊。
Our government should take feasible steps to preserve the brilliant culture and history of the minority peoples.
我们的政府应该采取可行的措施来保护少数民族璀璨的文化和历史。
In order to stay healthy，it is advisable for us to adopt and maintain healthier patterns of eating and exercise.
为了保持健康，我们应该养成更健康的饮食习惯和锻炼模式。
Cameras are installed to ensure a safe living environment for people.
为了确保人们有一个安全的居住环境，安装了摄像头。
To maintain the ecological balance，we should try to avoid the destruction of natural habitats.
为了保护生态平衡，我们应该尽力避免破坏自然栖息地。
Day 3 并列句、被动句和介词短语
并列句
如果句子包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，就是并列句。并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接。并列连词包括：and，but，while，or，yet 等。
For example，a logging company will make a great deal of money by simply cutting down all the trees it can，but if it does not preserve the land and plan for the future，the business will fail in the end.
以伐木公司为例，它将所有能砍伐的树木全砍光会赚很多钱，但如果没有保护土地资源，也没规划未来，公司最后一定会倒闭。
There are always many things that a government would like to spend its money on，but no government has unlimited resources，so choices must be made.
政府要花钱资助的事情有很多，但是政府的资源有限，所以必须有所选择。
Finally，space exploration is a long-term project，but the threat of some problems on Earth is immediate.
最后一个理由是，太空探险是长期的计划，但地球上有些问题所造成的威胁却是需要立刻解决的。
Some people prefer to engage in physical exercise by running or playing a sport，while some feel more relaxed after watching TV or even sleeping.
有些人比较喜欢像跑步这样的运动，或从事其他体育运动，而有些人则会觉得看完电视，甚至睡一觉之后就轻松多了。
It is common for university students to share their dormitory rooms with another student，and at some universities this is required.
对大学生来说，和另一个学生同住宿舍是很常见的事，而且在有些学校还是明文规定的。
However，some things are still made by hand，and these goods are usually highly valued for their quality and uniqueness.
然而，有些东西仍然是手工制作，并因其品质和独特的风格而受到珍视。
It may not be as fast and effcient as using a machine to accomplish my work，but it would give me a greater sense of satisfaction and accomplishment.
用这个方法来完成工作，也许不如使用机器来得快而且有效率，但它能给我带来更大的满足感和成就感。
Many people would much rather work with a machine，and our society needs such people to advance，but I believe working by hand is the best way for me.
很多人工作时可能宁愿使用机器，而且我们的社会要发展也需要这些人。但我认为，用手工工作对我而言是最佳的方式。
In many universities，students are asked to evaluate their professors after each course，but this is not common practice in junior and senior high schools.
很多大学都会要求学生在课程结束后对教授进行评价，但在中学里，这种做法并不普遍。
Every room in the house has its function and it is diffcult to imagine life without one of them.
房子内的每个房间都有其功能，很难想象若缺少其中任何一间，生活会变成什么样。
They may be volunteers，or they may be given a small stipend for their work，but whatever monetary beneft they receive，it is not as important as the fact that they have made a difference in someone else’s life.
他们可能是义工，或者也可能获得少许的薪资，但无论得到什么金钱上的利益，都不如改变某个人的生活这件事来得重要。
Some students would rather study by themselves，while others do better in a group.
有些学生喜欢自己学，而有些则喜欢一群人一起学。
Government has made great efforts to preserve cultural legacy，yet there are still many being severely damaged.
政府已经尽力去保护文化遗产，然而还有许多正遭受严重的破坏。
被动句
谓语表示一个动作时，主语和它可以有两种不同的关系，主动关系或被动关系。在表示主动关系时（即主语为动作的执行者时），谓语的形式称为主动语态；在表示被动关系时（即主语为动作的承受者时），谓语要用另一种形式，称为被动语态。
被动语态主要用在下面两种情况：（1）我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁（这时都不带由 by 引导的短语）；（2）动作的承受者是谈话的中心（这时可带由by引导的短语）。
在汉语中被动结构的句子也是很多的，有些带有“被”“受”“由”等词，译成英语时较易想到用被动结构。
一般来说，在英语中，如果没有必要，最好避免用被动结构。如果在一个情况下，主动结构和被动结构都可以用，还是以用主动结构比较自然。
➢Curiosity is not limited by age and we should never stop trying to learn and to improve ourselves.
求知欲不受年龄限制，我们绝对不要停下学习的脚步，而要不断追求进步。
Many people are employed in these felds and I believe that this is where our future lies.
许多人都在这些领域工作。我认为，我们的未来正是在这些领域。
Famous people，such as athletes，actors，and other entertainers，are often interviewed by the press.
媒体常会采访名人，比如运动员、演员以及其他的艺人。
Most of us have been brought up to respect our elders and pay heed to their advice，for there is much that they can teach us.
我们绝大多数的人从小就被教导要尊敬长辈，要听他们的劝告，因为他们可以教导我们许多事情。
Whatever a person’s reason for doing the work he does，he should be respected for his commitment and good work.
无论一个人工作的理由为何，只要他够投入并且表现良好，就应该受到尊重。
There are times when information must be communicated with exactness，and at such times a face-to-face conversation would be better.
有时当必须传递准确的信息时，面对面的谈话会比较好。介词短语
介词不能在句中独立充当一个成分，而需和一个名词或与之相当的东西构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。和介词构成短语的那个部分称为介词宾语。介词短语在句中主要用作状语、定语或表语。
（1）作状语
For this reason some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age.
基于这个原因，有些人认为孩子在很小的年纪就应该开始接受正规教育。
In contrast with American flms，Indian movies often appear unsophisticated and simplistic.
跟美国电影比起来，印度电影通常没那么世故，它们是单纯的。
（2）作定语
Second，the opinions and beliefs of their families are well-known to young adults.
其次，家人的意见与信仰对年轻人而言是再熟悉不过了。
Moreover，while two people with similar goals may fnd themselves in competition，those
who want different things can always support each other without reservation.
此外，两个有相似目标的人可能会彼此竞争，而追求不同目标的人会毫不保留地互相支持。
（3）作表语
This may be because of the way we feel in the clothing itself，or because of the way our clothing leads others to treat us.
这可能是因为穿着本身带给我们的感受，或是因为我们的穿着会引导别人如何对待我们。
Day 4 主语从句、表语从句、同位语和同位语从句
主语从句、表语从句
1.由what等连接代词引导的主语从句和表语从句
这些连接代词包括：what，who，which，whose等。
（1）主语从句
Who is qualifed to be the censor remains an issue of controversy.
谁胜任（新闻）审查员的职位依然是具有争议的话题。
What factor contributes to the disappearance of some rare species has always been a research focus of scientists.
什么因素导致一些稀有物种的灭绝一直是科学家的研究重点。
What the parents do and how they behave in front of their children，according to some psychologists，will have a great impact on their children in shaping their behaviors.
一些心理学家认为，家长在孩子面前的一举一动将对小孩的行为举止有重大影响。
（2）表语从句
In conclusion，I prefer entertaining movies because I think entertainment is what movies are best at.
总之，我比较喜欢娱乐影片，因为我认为电影最擅长的就是制造娱乐效果。
2.由连词that引导的主语从句和表语从句
（1）主语从句
这类主语从句在大多数情况下都放在句子后面，而用代词it做形式主语。很多都成了固定的句型。
It is undeniable that corporal punishment produces some negative effects on children’s mental and physical health.
不可否认，体罚对小孩的身心健康有负面影响。
It has long been accepted that natural resources are limited.
人们一直认为自然资源是有限的。
It is apparent that the price has been on the rise since last week.
很显然，自从上星期以来价格一直在上升。
It is essential that more rigid laws and regulations should be enacted to deter criminals.
制定更加严厉的法律法规来震慑犯罪分子是必不可少的。
It is a common knowledge that tobacco contains many carcinogens.
众所周知，烟草中含有许多致癌物。
It is suggested that private cars should be restricted in big cities to solve the energy shortage problem.
有人建议大城市应该限制私家车来解决能源短缺问题。
It must be pointed out that the number of male students is much larger than that of female students.
必须指出的是，男生人数远比女生人数多。
（2）表语从句
Another beneft of careful planning is that we will not miss any opportunities or deadlines due to carelessness or inattention.
详细计划的另一个好处是，我们不会因为疏忽或没有注意到而错过机会或最后期限。
Most important among them is that it would encourage young people to spend more time outdoors.
最重要的是它们能鼓励年轻人参与更多的户外活动。
One reason is that space exploration requires a great deal of money and offers little immediate return.
其中一个理由是，太空探险需要庞大的经费，但所能提供的直接回报却很少。
3.由连接副词引导的主语从句和表语从句
这些连接副词包括：how，why，when，where，whether等。
（1）主语从句
How we can curb the soaring crime rate has been widely discussed in our community these days.
近来在我们社区人们广泛讨论如何遏止急剧上升的犯罪率。
That is why many white-collar workers regard job-hopping as an opportunity to tap their potentials.
这就是许多白领视跳槽为挖掘自身潜能的机会的原因。
How we can carry forward our traditional culture has become a hot topic these days.
如何弘扬传统文化近来成了热门话题。
Whether or not children should be given pocket money has sparked a heated discussion.
该不该给小孩零花钱引发了激烈的讨论。
Whether human cloning should be banned has triggered a ferce argument.
关于该不该禁止克隆人引发了一场激烈的争论。
（2）表语从句
Perhaps this is why some people feel that it is better to be a member than a leader.
也许这就是为什么有些人认为，当普通员工比当领导好。
The above reasons are why I choose tea as the most important plant to the people in my country.
以上就是我将茶选为我国最重要的植物的理由。
It is where they spend the majority of their time during their school years.
它是学生在上学期间待得最久的地方。
One quality which makes the difference between a man of great caliber and a man of average performance is how odd moments are handled.
有才干的人与平庸的人不同的一个品质是知道如何利用零碎的时间。
What people are more concerned with at this stage is whether the government can create more job opportunities.
现阶段人们更加关心的是政府是否能够创造更多的就业机会。
同位语和同位语从句
一个名词或代词后面有时可跟一个名词、短语或者从句，对前者作进一步解释，说明它指的是谁、是什么等，叫作同位语。
1.词和短语作同位语
This is especially true in China，a country with a dense population.
这对于人口密集的中国而言尤其如此。
As for me，I prefer the former，entertaining movies，when I go to the theater.
至于我，我看电影时则偏爱前者，也就是娱乐片。
Shopping，the necessary activity in everyday life is more convenient in the city.
购物，这个日常生活中必需的活动，在城市里更方便。
Love can tear students away from learning，the students’ main task.
爱情能将学生从学习—— 学生的主要工作—— 中脱离。
They want to impress us，their spectators，with a magnifcent show of strength.
他们希望通过对自己的力量所做的壮观展示给我们这些观众，留下深刻的印象。
Athletes themselves attract too much attention.
运动员们吸引了人们太多的关注。
We consumers need to know where to buy these products.
我们消费者需要知道到哪里去买这些产品。
We teachers have to be patient.
我们当老师的不能没有耐心。
How wonderful it is to compete with your friend，also a well-matched tennis fan，in a green feld.
和你一起的同样是网球迷朋友，你们一起在绿草地上比赛是多么美好的事情啊！
2.同位语从句
I can hardly assent to the view that women are inferior to men.
我很难认同女性劣于男性的观点。
There is a growing consensus that it is not unethical to clone human organs.
越来越多的人达成共识：克隆人体器官是不合伦理的。
The view that fast food will replace traditional food is ridiculous.
认为快餐将取代传统食物的观点是荒谬的。
From what I have mentioned above，it is not diffcult to get the conclusion that students should go abroad to study.
根据上面我所提到的，不难得出这样一个结论：学生应该出国留学。
But the disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that too much land that could be used for farming or housing will inevitably be occupied by more and more roads.
但此方案的不足之处在于这样一个事实：建造道路会不可避免地占用过多的土地，而这些土地本来是可以用于耕作或建房的。
Therefore，a fear has arisen among some people that the more machines will be used，the more workers will be unemployed and the lower our living standard will become.
因此，一些人存在一种恐惧，那就是，机器被用得越多，越多的工人就会失业，而我们的生活水平就会越低。
And they hold the belief that the experience of taking the part-time job is a perfect preparation for their future job-hunting competition.
他们相信做兼职工作的经历会为自己在将来的求职竞争中赢得优势。
The issue whether Internet has more advantages has aroused a heated debate.
因特网是否有更多的优点，已经引起了激烈的争论。
Day 5 平行结构、插入语、倒装、疑问句和祈使句
平行结构
两个及两个以上语法作用相同的词、短语或句子放在一起，构成平行结构。在英语中是一种修辞方法，相当于汉语中的排比。
These include heavy traffc，pollution，noise and crowds.
这些包括繁忙的交通、污染、噪声以及拥挤的人群。
As it is，teenagers are more likely to be found playing computer games or hanging around shopping malls than doing outdoor activities.
事实上，我们发现青少年比较喜欢玩电脑游戏，或是在购物中心逗留，而不是从事户外活动。
They include the work location and environment，chances for advancement，and of course the salary.
它们包括工作地点、工作环境、晋升机会，当然还有薪水。
The arts are important to our quality of life，but the environment is important both to the quality of life and to life itself.
艺术对我们的生活品质很重要，但是环境对生活品质及生活本身都很重要。
Another reason I prefer entertaining flms is that when I do want to fnd out about a serious matter，I would rather do so by reading a book or watching news reports.
我比较喜欢看娱乐片的另一个原因是当我确实想了解一件严肃的事情，我更喜欢通过读书或看新闻报道获取信息。
插入语
插入语是指将一个词、短语或从句插入到句子的两个成分当中，使句式富于变化。插入语通常用两个逗号与整个句子隔开，有的用两个破折号隔开。
The three aspects above，in my opinion，are more important than money when considering which job to take.
依我之见，当我们考虑从事何种工作时，以上所列举的三个方面就比金钱更重要。
First，a business must，of course，not do anything illegal，even if by doing so it can earn a large proft.
首先，企业当然不能做任何违法的事情，即使这样做会带来大笔利润。
While there are many factors，which affect how well a student learns，the teacher is no doubt one of the most important.
尽管影响学生的学习情况的因素有很多，但毫无疑问老师是其中最重要的一个因素。
Almost all represent worthy causes but，unfortunately，there is only so much money to go around.
几乎每个要求看来都是值得重视的目标，但不幸的是，就只有这么多钱可供分配。
Finally，when students evaluate their teachers，whether positively or negatively，they will realize that there is always room for improvement no matter what one does，and that we should always strive to better our performance.
最后，学生在进行教师评价时，无论正面或负面的评价都能使他们认识到，不管老师怎么做，都还是有改进的空间，而且应该时时努力，以求有更好的表现。
When it comes to scientists and artists，for example，I believe that our society places more importance on the work of scientists.
例如，当我们提到科学家和艺术家的时候，我认为我们的社会更重视科学家的工作。
In the first case，learning by listening to others，we have the benefit of learning from others’ mistakes and are thus being able to avoid them ourselves.
第一种方法是听取别人的建议而学习，因为我们可以从别人所犯过的错误中学习教训，避免犯相同的错误。
For example，by planning ahead，they can buy tickets for a concert or play that may later be sold out.
例如，假如事先有规划，就可买到晚一点就全部售空的音乐会或戏剧演出的门票。
Finally，learning by doing allows me to make my own discoveries and，in this way，I not only have a more meaningful learning experience，but often learn things I never expected.
最后，通过实践活动学习能让我自己发现新的事物。如此一来，我不仅能拥有更具意义的学习经验，而且还能学到一些意想不到的东西。
倒装
主语和谓语有两种顺序，一是主语在前，这和汉语是一致的，称为自然语序。反之，如果谓语在主语前面，就是倒装语序。在雅思写作中，倒装语序通常出现在如下几种情况。
（1）only+状语位于句首
Only in this way can we lead well-balanced lives.
唯有如此，我们才能过着均衡的生活。
Only by spending time with them can the parents really know what their children think and feel.
唯有和孩子相处，父母才能真正知道他们的想法及感受。
Only in this way can they keep the lines of communication open.
唯有如此，才能让沟通之门永远敞开。
（2）以 never，little，often，not only，not until，hardly，scarcely 等词（组）引导的句子
Therefore，not only is the plan to pay teachers according to the success of their students unfair to the teachers，but it may lead the education authorities to disregard other important factors.
因此，如果老师的付薪方式根据学生的学习成果而定，则不仅对老师不公平，还会使得教育部门忽视其他重要的因素。
（3）由引导词 there 引导的句子
There are many parks in and around the city already，but they are heavily used，especially on school holidays.
虽然市内及周边地区已经有很多公园了，但是这些公园都很拥挤，特别是学校放假的时候。
In my opinion，there are some other aspects which are more important than money.
在我看来，有其他方面比钱更重要。
（4）so /as 或 neither /nor 引导的句子
表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者。
Nor should it give us so much pressure that we cannot relax in our free time.
工作也不能有过多的压力，使我们连在空闲时间也无法放松。
The world is constantly changing and so are the people in it.
世界在不断变化，世界上的人也是如此。
P-books will not be replaced by e-books，nor will fast food replace traditional food.
纸质书籍不会被电子书籍所取代，正如快餐不会取代传统食物一样。
疑问句和祈使句
句子按使用目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。写作中，陈述句是用得最多的，前面的例句基本都是陈述句。在雅思写作中，疑问句和祈使句也有一定的使用，而感叹句用得很少。
1.疑问句
英语中有四种疑问句：一般问句、特殊问句、选择问句和反意问句。
（1）一般问句
一般问句以一个助动词、情态动词、动词 be 或 have 开始，通常要求以 yes 或 no（或certainly，perhaps，not at all 等）回答。
Does what people wear affect their behavior？
穿着会影响人的行为吗？
（2）特殊问句
特殊问句都以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头，一般用倒装语序。
What are some other reasons that people work？
人们工作的其他原因是什么？
What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress？
你认为最好的减压方法是什么？
If you were asked to send one thing representing your country to an international exhibition，what would you choose？
如果让你拿出最能代表祖国文化的东西去参加国际会展，你会选什么？
（3）选择问句
选择问句提出两个答案，比较哪一个是正确的，在结构上和一般问句差不多，两部分由 or连接起来。
Would you rather have the university assign a student to share a room with you，or would you rather choose your own roommate？
你是希望由学校来分配你的室友，还是由你自己选择自己的室友？
Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends？
你喜欢独自一人还是和朋友待在一起？
（4）反意问句
反意问句在雅思写作中很少用到。
2.祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请或劝告等，谓语动词用原形。这种句子的否定式多以do not 开头，也可用 never 开头。祈使句的主语通常不表示出来。
Let good advertisements facilitate communication between business people and the public，and help keep the business world moving.
让好的广告促进商人和公众之间的交流，并帮助商界运行。
Never bring your work home.Leave it in your offce.
永远不要将工作带回家，把它留在你的办公室。