List 02
高频词汇篇
003vis,vid=see
004form=shape
词根 003
vis,vid=see,表示“.”
mark
[mα:k]
n.马克;符号;痕迹;标志
v.做标记于;打分数;标志
记 基本单词,表示“记号,标志”(发音类似:马克)→马克笔→n.符号v.做标记于
英 n.a distingu ishing symbol/v.attach a tag or label to
类marked a.显著的;有记号的
例 2009.Part[C]
There is a marked difference between the education which everyone gets fromliving with others,and the del iberate educating of the young.
通过与别人相处所受到的教育和对年轻人有意识进行的教育,两者区别明显。
consider
[kən'sIdər]
v.考虑,细想;体谅,
顾及;认为,.……看作
记 基本单词,表示“考虑,把……看作……”
英 v.show consideration for;take into account;think about carefully
类 consideration n.需要考虑的事,理由;考虑,思考;体谅,照顾
例 2010.Text 1
We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews publ ished in England between the turn of the 20th centuryand the eve of World War iI,at a time when newsprint was d irt-cheap and styl ish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publ ications in which it appeared.
事实上,我们距离20世纪初到二战前夕的那一段时期英国报纸上主题自由的评论更远了,那时候,新闻用纸十分廉价,有现代风格的艺术评论被人们看作是出版物的装饰。
provide
[prə'vaid]
v.供应,供给;准备;预
防;规定
记 [pro-before,vid-vis,e]pro表示“提前”,vid(vis)表示“看”→提前看到未来→v.预防;准备;供给
英 v.provide or furn ish with;provide what is desired or needed,especial ly support,food or sustenance
类 provider n.供应者;提供者;(尤指)维持家庭生计者
provided conj.假如;倘若
例 2011.Text 3
This trend,which we bel ieve is still in its infancy,effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airl ines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
我们认为这种趋势仍然处于初始阶段,实际上开始于零售商和航空、酒店等旅游供应商,而且毫无疑问将会走得更远。
vision
['vIʒn]
n.视力,视觉;远见;洞察力;
幻想,幻影;想象
记 [vis-see,ion-n.]词根vis表示“看”,后面为名词→n.视力;远见,洞察力
英 n.a vivid mental image;the perceptual experience of seeing
例 2014.Text 1(2)
Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes.
对荣华富贵的幻想经常包括对于豪华汽车和豪宅的憧憬。
review
[rI'vju:]
v.回顾;复习n.回顾;复
习;评论
记 [re-again,view-see]前缀re表“再次”,后面view表示“看”→再看一遍→v./n.回顾;复习
英 n.a new appraisal or eval uation/v.look at again;exam ine again
类reviewer n.评论家,评论者
例 2010.Text 1
Theirs was a serious business,and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly,like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman,could be trusted to know what they were about.
这些评论家所从事的是严肃的工作,甚至像乔治·萧伯纳和欧内斯特·纽曼这样的以轻松活泼的方式来展示学问的评论家,人们也相信他们知道自己的责任。
survey
['sз:rveI,sз:'veI]
n./v.俯瞰,眺望;全面审视;调查;测量图;勘定
记 [sur-sub,vey-vis]前面sur为sub,表示“向下”,vey(v-v,ey-i,s省略)为“看”→往下看→v./n.调查;俯瞰
英 n.a detailed critical inspection;the act oflooking or observing/v.consider in a com-prehensive way
例 2014.Part[B]
Surveys and test samples have also become important for understand ing the larger land-scapes that contain archaeological sites.
调查和试验样品对了解包括考古遗址在内更大面积的地貌特征也起到了重要作用。
interview
['Intəvju:]
v./n.接见,会见;采访;面试
记 [inter-among,view-see]inter前缀,表 示“相互”,view表示“看”→采访的时候两个人相互看对方→v./n.采访
英 v.conduct an interview in television,news-paper,and radio reporting/n.the questioning of a person
visitor
['vIzItə(r)]
n.访问者,客人,来宾,参观者
记 [visit,or-person]单词visit,表示“参观”,后面加or表人→n.参观者
advise
[əd'vaIz]
vt.忠告,劝告,建议;通知,告知
记 [ad-to,vis-see,e]ad表示“去”,vis表示“看”→去让别人看到→劝告别人→vt.忠告,劝告
英 vt.give advice to;make a proposal;declare a plan for something
类advice n.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见
例 2012.Text 2(2)
29.We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to____.
[A]focus on infant wear and older kids’clothes
[B]attach equal importance to different genders
[C]classify consumers into smal ler groups
[D]create some common shoppers’terms
译文:从第四段内容我们可以推断出,百货商店被劝告____。
[A]关注婴儿服装和稍大一点儿的孩子的服装
[B]同样地重视不同的性别
[C]把消费者分为更小的群体
[D]创造一些通用的购物者术语
visible
['vIzəbl]
a.看得见的,明显的,显著的
记 [vis-see,ible-a.]vis词根,表示“看”,后缀ible为“能够”→能够让人看见的→a.看得见的,明显的
英 a.capable of being seen;or open to easy view;obvious to the eye
类invisible a.看不见的,无形的
例 2011.Text 3
The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more(and more diverse)commun ications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker,more visible,and much more damaging ways.
同样剧烈的技术转变给市场营销人员提供了更多的且多种多样的通讯选择,同时也增加了风险,因为情绪激动的消费者会以更快、更明显和更具破坏性的方式表达他们的意见。
remarkable
[rI'mα:kəbl]
a.值得注意的;显著的,
异常的,非凡的
记 [re-again,mark,able]re表示“再次,反复”,mark为“标注”,able表示“能”→能够反复做标记的,是值得注意的→a.显著的;值得注意的
英 a.unusual or striking;worthy of notice
类 remark n.(about,on)评语,意见v.(on)评论;注意到
例 2013.Text 4
Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.
每名法官都公正地拒绝了这个不同寻常的要求。
evident
['evIdənt]
a.明显的;明白的
记 [e-out,vid-see,ent-a.]前缀e表示“外”,
词根vid(vis)表示“看”→在外面就能看
到的→a.明显的;明白的
英 a.clearly revealed to them ind or the senses or judgment;capable of being seen or noticed
类evidence n.明显;显著;根据;证据;迹象
例 2013.Part[C]
There is no doubt that gardens evidence an irrepressible urge to create,express,fashion,and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge.
毫无疑问,花园展示了一种对创造、表达、时尚和美化的难以抑制的欲望,而自我表达本身也是一种基本的人类欲望。
considerable
[kən'sIdərəbl]
a.相当大(或多).,可观的;值得考虑的
记 [consider,able-a.]一个东西数量多到需要考虑→a.相当大的,可观的
英 a.large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree
例 2010.Text 1
Yet a considerable number of the most sign ificant col lections of criticism publ ished in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.
然而,在20世纪出版的大量最重要的评论文集中,很大一部分都是报纸评论。
provision
[prə'vIʒn]
n.供应,(一批)供应品;预备;条款;(pl.)给养
记 [pro-before,vis-see,ion-n.]provide的名词形式→n.供应,预备
英 n.the activity of supplying something;the process of thinking about what you willdo in the event of something happen ing
类 provisional a.临时的,暂时的;暂定的n.临时邮票
例 2013.Text 4
In Arizona VS Un ited States,the majority o-verturned three of the four contested provi-sions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local pol ice enforce federal imm igra-tion law.
在亚利桑那州对联邦政府一案中,大多数法官推翻了亚利桑那州移民法案四项有争议的条款中的三项,即州警察和地方警察可强制执行联邦移民法。
wisdom
['wIzdəm]
n.智慧,明智;名言,格言
记 [wis-wise,dom-n.]wis表示wise,为“聪明”,dom名词词缀,表示状态或领域→n.智慧,明智
英 n.the qual ity of being prudent and sensible
类wit n.智慧;才智;智力
wise a.聪明的;明智的;博学的
例 2016.Part[C]
Mental health has common ly been cal led con-science,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice;we think of it simply as a healthy and hel pfulflow of intelligent thought.
精神健康一般被当作良心、本能、智慧、常识或是内心的声音。而我认为精神健康仅仅是一种健康并有益的智慧思维。
visual
['vIʒuəl]
a.看的,看得见的;视觉的
记 [vis-see,ual-a.]vis表示“看”,ual形容词→a.看得见的,看的,视觉的
英 a.relating to or using sight;able to be seen
类 visual ize vt.形象化;想象vi.显现
例 2007.Text 2
It’s not obvious how the capacity to visual ize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
尚不确定的是,可视化对象和推导数列的能力是如何使人们能够回答那些连最好的诗人和哲学家都难以回答的问题。
revise
[rI'vaIz]
v.修订,校订;修正,修改
记 [re-again,vis-see,e]re表示“再次”,vis
为“看”→再看一遍→v.修订,修改
英 v.revise or reorgan ize,especial ly for the purpose of updating and improving
例 2012.Text 3
In the end,credibil ity“happens”to a discovery claim—a process that corresponds towhat philos-opher Annette Baier has described as the com-mons of the mind.“We reason together,chal-lenge,revise,and complete each other’s reason-ing and each other’s conceptions of reason.”
最终,一项被认为是可信的发现认为——这个过程符合哲学家安妮特·拜尔所描述的“思想的一致性”。“我们一同推理,一起怀疑、修正和完善彼此的推理以及对理性的认知。”
considerate
[kən'sIdərət]
a.考虑周到的;体谅的
记 [consider,ate-a.]前面单词表示“考虑”,后缀ate为形容词→a.考虑的;体贴的
英 a.showing concern for the rights and feel ingsof others
类 thoughtful a.沉思的,思考的;体贴的,关心的
prudent
['pru:dnt]
a.谨慎的;智慧的;节俭的
英 a.careful and sensible;marked by sound judgment
例 2012.Text 4(2)
Many said that unemployment,while extreme-ly painfu l,had improved them in some ways;they had become less material istic and more financial ly prudent;they were more aware of the struggles of others.
很多人认为,失业虽然非常痛苦,但是在某些方面改善了他们的生活:他们不再那么物质,经济上变得更加节俭,对他人的痛苦也更加感同身受。
visa
['vi:zə]
n.(护照等的)签证;维萨信用
卡vt.签证
记 [vis-see,a]有签证了,出国后才能刷VISA信用卡,然后再回来“剁手”→n.签证
英 n.an endorsement made in a passport that al lows the bearer to enter the country issu ing it
excel lent
['eksələnt]
a.卓越的,极好的
记 [excel-stand out,lent-a.]excel表示“超越”,后缀ent为形容词→超越其他人的→a.卓越的,极好的
英 a.of the highest qual ity
类 excel vi.胜过其他;擅长vt.胜过,优于
excel lence n.卓越
例 2009.Text 1
Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excel lence.
只有知道自己擅长什么,并为之付出更多的努力才能创造卓越。
prominent
['prɒmInənt]
a.凸起 的,突出 的;杰出的
记 [pro-forward,m in-fame,ent-a.]前缀表示“向前”,m in联想为“名”,ent为形容词→人还未见,名声就仿佛已经在眼前了→a.杰出的
英 a.having a qual ity that thrusts itself into attention;conspicuous in position or importance
例 2010.Text 1
25.What wou ld be the best title for the text?
[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days
[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers
[C]MournfulDecl ine of Journal ism
[D]Prom inent Critics in Memory
译文:本文最合适的标题是什么?
[A]昔日美好时光中的报纸
[B]报纸中消失的地平线
[C]新闻业令人悲伤的衰落
[D]记忆中的杰出评论家
video
['vIdiəu]
n.电视,视频;录像a.电视的,视频的;录像的
记 [vi-vis,deo-aud io]vi.表示“看”,deo表示“声音”→有声音、有图像→n.电视,录像
英 n.the visible part of a television transm ission
例 2007.Part B
Playing video games encourages immediate content.And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter on ly teaches kids to process information in a passive way.
玩电子游戏会让人获得即时的满足感。长时间看带有预先录制好笑声的电视节目,只会让孩子被动地处理信息。
advisable
[əd'vaIzəbl]
a.可取的适当的;明智的
记 [advise,able]advise表示“劝告”,后面加able→能够劝告的→a.可取的,适当的
英 a.worthy of being recommended or suggested;prudent or wise
devise
[dI'vaIz]
vt.想出;计划;设计;发明
记 [de-intensive,vis-see,e]前缀de表“向下”,vis表“看见”→把自己的想法放下来,让其他人看见→发明出东西→vt.设计,发明
英 vt.come up with(an idea,plan,explanation,
theory,or principle)after a mental effort
类device n.装置,设备,仪表;方法;设计
例 2012.Part[B]
Not on ly d id they develop such a device but by the turn of the millenn ium they had also managed to embed itin a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.
他们不仅发明了这样一个设备,而且到千禧年为止,他们已经将它纳入了
一个每天有数十亿人访问的全球系统中。
viewpoint
['vju:pɔInt]
n.观点
记 [view-see,point]单词前面表示“观察,视野”,point表示“点”→一个人对事物观察的点→n.观点
英 n.a mental position from which things are viewed类view n.视野;风景;观察;见解;照片vt.观察;认为
envisage
[In'vIzIdʒ]
vt.正视,面对;想象
记 [en,vis-see,age]en表示“使”,词根vis为“看”→使人看见“面对”一个事物→vt.正视,面对
英 vt.form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the caseenvy
['envi]
v./n.羡慕,忌妒
记 [en-使,vy-vis]en为“使”,vy(v-v,y-i,s省略)为“看”→看到别人有自己所没有的东西会产生嫉妒→v./n.羡慕
英 a feel ing of grudging adm iration and desire to have something that is possessed by another
类envious a.满怀嫉妒的
eminent
['emInənt]
a.显赫的;杰出的;有
名的;优良的
记 [e-out,min-fame,ent-a.]e理解为ex-out,min理解为“名声”,ent为形容词→名声在
外的→a.有名的,显赫的
英 a.stand ing above others in character or attainment or reputation;stand ing above others in qual ity or position
近distingu ished a.卓越的;著名的;受人尊敬的
improvise
['ImprəvaIz]
vt.即兴创作;即兴表演;临时做;临时提供vi.即兴创作;即兴表演;临时凑合
记 [im-not,pro-before,vis-see,e]im表示否定,pro表示“提前”,vis表示“看”→没有提前看,没有准备→v.即兴创作,即兴表演
词根 004
form=shape,表示“形状”
form
[fɔ:m]
n.形状,形式;表格v.组成,
构成;形成
记 简单词汇form,名词意思为“形状”,动词意思为“组成,构成”→词根form为
“形状”
英 v.develop into a d istinctive entity/n.a category of things d istingu ished by some common characteristic
类 formation n.形成;构成;组织;构造format n.(出版物的)开本;版式;格
式vt.设计;安排
例 2008.Text 2
All this cou ld change the traditional form of the peer-review process,at least for the publ ica-tion of papers.
这一切将改变同行评审流程的传统模式,至少对于论文的发表是这样的。
inform
[in'fɔ:m]
v.(of,about)通知,告
诉,报告;告发,告密
记 [in-里,form-shape]前缀in为“里”,后面单词为“形成”→进入脑海中,形成印象→vt.通知,告诉
英 v.act as an informer
类information n.通知,报告;情报,资料,消息;信息
例 2013.Text 4
That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state imm igration enforcement and expl icitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal col leagues.
这是因为国会总是期待联邦政府和州政府联合执行移民法律,明确鼓励州官员共享信息,并且能和联邦同僚合作。
reform
[rI'fɔ:m]
v./n.改革,改造,改良
记 [re-again,form]前缀re为“再次”,单词form为“形成”→再次形成→v./n.改革,改造
英 v./n.make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and inj ustices
例 2010.Text 4(2)
39.After the JurySelectionandServiceAct was passed____.
[A]sex discrim inationinjury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abol ished
[B]educational requ irements became less rigid in the selection of federal j urors
[C]j urors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire commun ity
[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reform ing the j ury system
译文:在《陪审团选任和任职法》通过之后____。
[A]在陪审员选择中的性别歧视被认为是不合法的,必须被废除
[B]联邦政府在选举陪审员的时候对教育背景的要求有所放宽
[C]州级别的陪审员应该可以代表整个社会团体
[D]各州的陪审员制度改革应该符合联邦法律
formal
['fɔ:ml]
a.正式的;形式的
记 [form-shape,al-a.]form单词为“形状,形式”,后面加上al形容词后缀→a.形式的;一个人做事情有模有样的,一定是在正式的场合或者情境下→a.正式的
英 a.adhering to trad itional standards of correctness and without casual
类informal ly ad.非正式地
informal ity n.非正式
例 2016.Part[B]
No matter how formal or informal the work environment,the way you present yourself has an impact.
无论正式或非正式的工作环境,你呈现的外在形象都会产生一种影响。
former
['fɔ:mə(r)]
n.模型,样板;起形成作用的人a.从前的,前者的;前任的
记 [form,er]前面的单词为“形成”,后面加er→已经形成了一些风格的人有带头作用→
n.起形成作用的人→n.模型,样板a.从前的,前者的;前任的
英 a.referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned
辨 former和previous意思很近。former为“从前的,前者的;前任的”。previous为“以前的;早先的;过早的”。都有“之前”的感情色彩,但是former更多的是强调“前任的”(former president前总统),也就是“上一个”,但previous表示“从前的”。
transform
[træns'fɔ:m]
vt.改变,变换;变
压;转化;改造
记 [trans-through,form-shape]前缀trans表“改变”,后面单词form为“形状”→改变形状→vt.改变,变换
英 vt.convert(one form of energy)to another
类transformation n.变化;弯形;变质;转变
例 2007.Text 3
During the past generation,the American m idd le-class fam ily that once cou ld count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financial ly secure had been transformed by econom ic risk and new real ities.
在过去一代人中,美国中产阶级家庭曾经一度能够依靠努力工作和公平竞争就能保持稳定的经济状况,而如今经济风险和新的现实状况使这一切发生了改变。
uniform
['ju:nIfɔ:m]n.制服,军服a.相同的,一律的
记 [uni-one,form-shape]前面uni为one(根据元音变化o-u,e-i,one-uni),后面form为“形状”→形状相同,样子一致→n.制服a.相同的,一律的
英 a.the same throughout in structure or compo-sition/n.clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particu lar group as a means of identification
类un iform ity n.一致;单调;无差异;无变化
例 2008.Text 3
The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatical ly over the years,and managers have been more than willing to adj ust team un iforms to fit the growing num- bers of bigger,longer frames.
多年以来,那些从事主要体育项目的职业运动员的身体发生了巨大变化,而且俱乐部的经理们一直非常乐意调整队服的尺寸,以适应不断增多的越来越壮、越来越高的运动员身材。
formula
['fɔ:mjələ]
n.公式;规则;分子式;药方
记 [form,ula-n.]前面单词form表“形成”,后缀ula为名词→长时间下来形成的“套路”→n.公式,药方
英 n.a group of symbols that make a mathemat-ical statement;something regarded as a normative example
conform
[kən'fɔ:m]
vi.(to)遵守,适应;相似,
一致;符合
记 [con-al l,form-shape]前缀con一起,form为“形成”→vi.遵守,适应
英 v.adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions
类conform ity n.依照,遵从;符合,一致
perform
[pə'fɔ:rm]
vt.执行vi.表演;机器运转
记 [per-all,form-shape]前缀为“全部”,form为“形状”→全都按照导演的要求,从头到尾摆出“姿势”(形状)去表演→v.表演;执行
英 v.give a performance of something;get something done
类performer n.演出者;演奏者
例 2014.Part[C]
This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requ irement for the performers of Beethoven’s music.
事实上,这种勇敢的态度成了贝多芬音乐演奏者的必要条件。
例 2011.Text 1
One possible response is for classicalperformers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.
对于古典音乐演奏者而言,一种可能的应对措施是排练出唱片上暂时还没有的、有吸引力的新曲目。
formulate
['fɔ:mjuleIt]
v.用公式表示;规划;设计;系统地阐述
记 [formula-norm,ate-v.]前面formula为“公式”,后面再加上动词后缀ate→v.用公式表示;规划
英 v.elaborate,as of theories and hypotheses
类 formu lation n.构想,规划;公式化;简洁陈述
informative
[In'fɔ:mətIv]
a.提供信息的
记 [inform,ative-a.]inform由动词变成名词为information,变成形容词informative→a.提供信息的
英 a.provid ing or conveying information;ser-ving to instruct of enlighten or informmisinformation
['mIsInfə'meIʃn]
n.误报,误传
记 [mis-error,information-message]合成词:前缀表“错误”,后面为“消息”→错误的消息→n.误报,误传
英 n.information that is incorrect