ABSTRACT

Hazards，because of their frequent occurrence have attracted worldwide attention. Accordingly，study on hazards has been the main field of social work. The main points of this project are as follows：How does the social work intervene in the hazards？What are the practical modes in the social work for hazards？What are the organizational strategies of the social work institutions in offering services to victims？The main body of the paper is divided into seven chapters.

Chapter 1 is the introduction to the paper. It mainly deals with the review of the theories on social work for hazards at home and abroad. It analyzes the basis and framework of the study. It also discusses the object，methods and the empirical research of the study，thus laying a good foundation for the whole paper. Domestic scholars have paid attention to the importance of non-profit organizations of social workers，but the study on how to introduce such organizations into the reconstruction after disaster has just begun. In practice，it is not common for such organizations to intervene in reconstruction after disasters，so this study is of great significance in practice and theory.

Chapter 2 discusses how social work organization intervene in services for disaster. First，social work organizations play such roles in offering services as resource transportation，service providers，resources integration，constructors，psychical reconstructors，empowerment，case administrators and plan advocators. Second，the way for social workers to intervene in the reconstruction after disasters include organizational and non-organizational ones. Dominant force of reconstruction includes government，social organizations and higher educations institutions. Third，the stages of involvement of social work organizations are as follows：planing and preparation，emergent assistance，crisis management，action in emergency after disaster，short-term and later arrangement. Social work organizations should be systematic，specialized and sustainable，and only in this way，can they intervene in reconstruction effectively. Besides，the breakthroughs for sustainable involvement of social work organization should be localization，institutionalization and socialization. Last but not the least，the paper maintains that the introduction of the concept of empowerment will be helpful to strengthen victim’s ability to find out and solve problems.

Chapter 3 discusses the scope and objective of the involvement of social work organizations. The involvement of social work includes psychological comfort，community reconstruction，employment，social assistance，school education，community building and medical service. Social work organization offers service to the bereaved，the young，the old，the deformed and woman. The paper argues that the victims not only need material assistance，physical treatment and care from government in the reconstruction after disasters，but also they need psychological comfort，pressure ease，emotional outlet to ease their pressure and recover their mental health. Therefore，we believe that spiritual assistance is much more important than material assistance.

Chapter 4 deals with the methods for the social work to intervene in the hazards. The paper maintains that the social work institutions achieve their goal by providing the victims direct or basic service，such as case work，team work，community work and various kinds of treat ment，tutorship and consultation. Case work on hazard，which includes group for the growth of juveniles，group to support single mothers and group to comfort client’s sadness，operates on the principle of the client’s participation，coordination，resource integration and package service. It offers treatment with music，provides family with service，gives advice on education and growth，instruct skills and play some games for building teamwork spirit. The content of social work for disaster includes survey on needs of community，construction of community organization，guidance for housing and community self-government，linking community resources，community education，establishment of information platform of community and development of community awareness. The goal of social work on hazard is to build a community. But such community building is not just a community—it is to build a new society，a new culture and a brand new person.

Chapter 5 deals with the organizational strategies of the social work institutions in providing victims with service. The paper argues that we can build a bridge between government and non-government，non-government and non-government to form kinds of cooperative organizations to display their integrated power by fully advocating and integrating the professionals and technology in the governmental and non-governmental organizations. In this way we can minimize the damage from hazards. Strategies for resource integration include advocacy，communication，united job，cooperation，coordination，power strengthening，online work and partnership building and so on. We can make some changes to such strategy for the common goal and achieve our goal by sharing resources，power and authority. In addition，social work needs its localization to hit its target of providing social service，social support and help others help themselves. Social workers are supposed to develop and cultivate social workers in local areas to ensure the sustainable human resources for the re-construction of hazard-struck areas.

Chapter 6 discusses the strategies for crisis management of social services in disasters. First，the paper discusses the law and strategies of prevention，warning，monitoring of and response to disasters from the perspective of social work，disaster occurrence and response strategies. Second，the involvement of social work in disasters experiences four stages，namely，relief，preparation，response and reconstruction.The psychological trauma of crisis intervention includes identifying people of high-risk，knowing normal reaction after trauma，regaining sense of safety，easing psychological pressure and having some ideas of principles and ways of psychological intervention. Based on the idea of people first，social work should integrate different majors and resources to provide in-depth psychological service for victims. Finally，we argue that if social work organizations can find out the breakthrough point in the involvement of disasters，they can find a turn to crisis，which will not only improve social identification for social work itself，but also benefit the further development of social work as a profession.

Chapter 7 is the conclusion of the paper. It especially emphasizes the integration of social work into the local cultures. The separation of social work institutions from the local cultures is an unavoidable problem we are faced with. At the same time，we are expected to pay attention to the duration of social work in offering service to victims. The paper also argues that the social work institutions should choose different strategies according to the changeable environment of hazard through the way of self-examination and self-reference. By doing so，we can not only provide the institutions with a good chance to develop，but also make the social work major accepted by the public. In a word，social work institutions’ involvement in the hazard can offer itself a good chance for its development.

Key words：hazard，social work on hazard，hazard service，mechanism for the involvement in hazards，organizational strategy in hazards