第4章 Tomboys中性美女
中性装扮在最近几年很流行，虽然具体喜欢并追随这种潮流的女孩子不占绝大多数，但数量还是相当可观的，在大街上，常能看到留着齐肩短发，穿着牛仔裤的女孩走过。尤其是“超级女生”中的中性美女李宇春、周笔畅的大热，更是对传统中对女孩的审美标准产生了相当大的颠覆性的影响。一种审美观不会是偶然产生的，包括变化迅速的流行文化，都是有一定的社会文化背景的。
What is tomboys
什么是中性美女
A tomboy is a girl who exhibits some characteristics and or behavior considered typical of the gender role of a boy, including the wearing of typically masculine-oriented types of clothes and engaging in games and activities that are often physical in nature, and which are considered in many cultures to be the domain of boys.
Historically, tomboys have been defined by their less feminine style of dress including the wearing of boys' clothes, as well as being more involved in physical activity than other girls. They have also been noted to demonstrate a stronger interest in science and technology. In recent times, as the ubiquity of traditionally female clothing such as dresses, blouses and skirts has declined among Western females, the distinction has become more and more one of behavior. A general increase in the popularity of women's sporting events （see Title IX） and other activities that were traditionally male-dominated, is today broadening tolerance and lessening the impact of “tomboy” as a pejorative
There is a perceived correlation between tomboys and lesbianism. While some tomboys later reveal a lesbian identity in their adolescent or adult years, masculine behavior typical of boys but displayed by girls is not a true indicator of one's sexual orientation.
Throughout their history, tomboys have had to contend with the stigma of presumed lesbianism or the accusation of wanting to be male. Both assumptions were categorically refuted by twentieth-century psychology, which established the normality of the tomboy experience among girls of all identities. However, for many, the tomboy stage is the first manifestation of a gender-fluid life journey.
Gender scholar Judith Halberstam has found that while the defying of gender roles is often tolerated in young girls, older girls and adolescents who display masculine traits are often repressed and punished.
The three features of tomboys:
1. The wearing of typically masculine-oriented types of clothes.
2. The practice of games and activities （often physical in nature） that are typically considered to be the domain of boys. For example, a tomboy is more interested in sports and cars than fashion or movie stars.
3. The preference to befriend boys rather than other girls.
One good example of this kind of “tomboy” is the 2005 Super Girl contest winner, Li Yuchun. To tell you the truth, the first time you saw her on TV, you couldn't tell she was a girl, but the more you watched the more you liked her style.
传统女人美则美矣，但凡是完美的事物都有其缺陷，比如一个女人太乖，就可能会有骄娇二气（effeminacy and mickey）、有或大或小的虚荣心（vanity），或者在工作上借长相上位，自觉有优越感，视其他女同事若无物，把老板当成自家人，当众撒娇（coquetry），当众调情（flirt in public），当众顶嘴（backchat in public）……所有这一切因素，都是传统美女容易让人生厌的地方。
中性美女（tomboy）的流行不太明显地暗示了对男性为主导的社会的失望，反映了对传统的男性主导的（male-dominated）对女性审美观（aesthetic standard）的否定。在这个旧的被打破，新的审美观点还未建立起来的时候，中性女人的出现适时填补了空白。中性女人兼具男性和女性的优点，又刻意回避其缺陷，因此至少短时间看来，中性女人将成为审美（appreciation of beauty）市场的宠儿。
Key words & Sentences
关键词句全知道
His daughter is a saucy tomboy.
他女儿是一个调皮的假小子。
Mary has always been a tomboy. She likes hiking and horseback riding.
玛丽一直很男子气，她喜欢远足和骑马。
She was not exactly a tomboy.
她当然不是个假小子。
His wife is such a Tomboy.
他的妻子很厉害。
Week by week her list grew: I was skinny; I wasn't a good student; I was a tomboy; I talked too loud; I was stuck-up, and so on.
时间越久，她挑的毛病就越多：我瘦得皮包骨啦，不是个好学生啦，是个假小子啦，我说话声音太大啦，自高自大啦，等等。
In recent months, Katie has transformed herself from her tomboy Dawson's Creek character Joey Potter into a sleek trend-spotter who is never uncomfortable on the red carpet.
近几个月来，凯蒂一改其在《恋爱时代》中的“假小子”乔伊·波特的形象，成为红地毯上最引人注目的时尚达人。
The tomboys attract more and more affection.
中性美女受到很多人的喜爱。
In recent years, many evaluation results of talent shows reveal that the tomboys have become more and more popular.
近些年来，许多选秀节目的评比结果揭示了中性美女越来越受欢迎。
She seems like a tomboy.
她看上去像个假小子。
The tomboys break the traditional aesthetic standard.
中性美女打破了传统的审美观。
The tomboys bear both the advantages of men and women.
中性美女兼具男性和女性的优点。
The characteristics and behaviors of tomboys stand between man and woman.
中性美女的性格和行为介于男性和女性之间。
Many girls in modern society wish to turn themselves into tomboy.
现代社会很多女生希望把自己变成中性美女。
Let's Talk！
开始交流吧！
Katherine: Have you ever watched some talent shows?
凯瑟琳：你看过一些选秀的节目吗？
Amanda: Yes, I am fan of happy girls, which used to be called super girls of Hunan TV.
阿曼达：是的，我是湖南卫视快乐女声的粉丝，之前叫做超级女声。
Katherine: Oh, really? Who is the champion this year?
凯瑟琳：哦，真的吗？今年的冠军是谁？
Amanda: Jiang Yingrong, a girl from Sichuan won the first prize.
阿曼达：江映蓉，一个来自四川的女生得了第一名。
Katherine: From Sichuan? The same as Chris Lee. Are they the same tomboys?
凯瑟琳：来自四川？跟李宇春一样。她们都是一样的中性美女吗？
Amanda: No, they are totally different. Jiang Yingrong is hot both in dance and figure.
阿曼达：不，她们完全不一样。江映蓉是个舞蹈和身材都很火辣的女孩。
Katherine: She must become famous these days.
凯瑟琳：这些天她一定很出名。
Amanda: Well, I think Zeng Yike is more popular. She is top 10 of happy girls this year but always arouse bitter controversy.
阿曼达：我认为曾轶可更红。她是今年快乐女生十强之一，但是一直引起激烈的争议。
Katherine: Why?
凯瑟琳：为什么呢？
Amanda: She has a great gift for songwriting but she doesn't sing very well.
阿曼达：她有极好的歌曲创作才华但是唱歌唱得不好。
Katherine: Oh, you mean that girl has sheep tone? She is really popular, one day I got up and found all my friends used her LEO as CRBT （Coloring Ring Back Tone）.
凯瑟琳：哦，你说那个绵羊音的女孩？她真的很红，一天我起床后发现我所有的朋友都用了她的狮子座做为彩铃。
Amanda: Zeng Yike is also a tomboy.
阿曼达：曾轶可也是一个中性女。
Katherine: Yes, the tomboys are becoming more and more popular in recent years.
凯瑟琳：是的，这些年中性女越来越受欢迎。
Amanda: The aesthetic standard of modern people is truly greatly changed.
阿曼达：现代人的审美观真的发生了很大的改变。