Word List 6

tense/ tens /adj. 紧张的；拉紧的 n. 时态

[记] 发音记忆：“弹死”→没有弹性了→因为拉得太紧→拉紧的

[例] What's the matter? You seem tense. 怎么了？你看上去很紧张。

puzzle/ ˋpʌzl /n. 难题；（字、画） 谜 v.（使）迷惑，困扰

[例] I like doing crossword puzzles. 我喜欢玩填字游戏。

[考] puzzle over/about... 为…冥思苦想或伤脑筋： Doctors puzzled about her illness. 她的病让医生们大伤脑筋。

[参] puzzled（adj. 迷惑不解的）

affair/ əˋfeə /n. 事，事情

[例] I have a few affairs to take care of this week. 我这周有几件事要处理。

cheer/ tʃIə /n./v. 欢呼，喝彩

[例] The spectators are cheering for the winner. 观众们正在为冠军喝彩。

[考] 1. cheer sb. on 为某人鼓劲、加油 2. cheer sb. up 使某人高兴、振作起来

admire/ ədˋmaIə /vt. 钦佩；羡慕

[记] 词根记忆：ad（表加强）+mir（惊奇）+e→让人很惊奇→钦佩；羡慕

[考] admire sb. for sth. 因某事而佩服某人： I admire Anne for her courage. 我佩服安妮的勇气。

[参] admirable（adj. 令人钦佩的，绝妙的）

suspect/ səˋspekt / v. 怀疑 / ˋsʌspekt / n. 犯罪嫌疑人

[记] 词根记忆：sus（下面）+pect（=spect, 看） →在下面偷偷地看→怀疑

[例] I suspect she is lying. 我怀疑她在说谎。

[参] suspected（adj. 可疑的）

piece/ piːs /n. 一块（片，张，件） ；小的部分

[例] Down fell the mirror, breaking into pieces. 镜子掉下来，摔碎了。

[考] a piece of... 一块（片，张，件）…

pull/ pʊl /v. 拉，拖 n. 拉力，引力

[考] 1. pull down 拆毁；使降低 2. pull up 追上；停止 3. pull in 进站，靠岸 4. pull on 穿，戴；继续拉 5. pull out 撤离，离站 6. pull over（使） 开到路边 7. pull away 脱身，离开

[参] push（v. 推）

lamp/ læmp /n. 灯，油灯；光源

[例] the electric lamp 电灯

sale/ seIl /n. 卖，出售

[记] 联想记忆： 出海航行（sail）的船票已经卖（sale）光了

[例] Nowadays, there has been no sale for black and white TV sets in the supermarkets. 如今，超市都不卖黑白电视机了。

[考] on sale 出售；减价出售

assume/ əˋsjuːm /vt. 假定，设想；承担

[记] 词根记忆：as（表加强）+sume（拿，取）→承担

[例] Mary mistakenly assumed that she would get the job. 玛丽错认为她会得到那份工作。

[参] assumption（n. 假定，设想）

miss/ mIs /v. 错过；想念

[用] miss+n. / doing（不能接to do作宾语） ： He missed the bus. 他没赶上车。// He barely missed catching the bird. 他差点抓住那只小鸟。

[例] I miss my parents so much. 我十分想念我的父母。

[参] missing（adj. 丢失的，迷路的，不见了的）；unmissable（adj. 不能错过的）

partly/ ˋpɑːtli /adv. 部分地，在一定程度上

[例] The police thought that what the boy said was partly true. 警方认为那个男孩所说的有一部分是实话。

key/ kiː /n. [C] 钥匙；答案；键；关键（常与to连用）

[例] The thief opened Mr. White's door with his lost key.小偷用怀特先生丢的钥匙打开了他家的门。

determine/ dIˋtɜːmIn /v. 决定；测定；确定

[记] 词根记忆：de+term（边界）+ine→决定各自的边界→决定；确定

[例] Our social positions determine the way we are dressed. 我们的社会地位决定我们的穿着方式。// I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. 我非常感激他，决定以后报答他。

[参] determined（adj. 坚决的）；determination（n. 决定，决心）

disaster/ dIˋzɑːstə /n. 灾难，祸患

[记] 词根记忆：dis（离开）+aster（星星）→星星离开原位→灾难

[例] a natural disaster 自然灾害

example/ Igˋzɑːmpl /n. 例子，范例

[例] The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard. 老师在黑板上写了一个例子。

[考] 1. for example 例如 2. give an example 举例 3. take... for example 以…为例

punctual/ ˋpʌŋktʃuəl /adj. 准时的

[记] 词根记忆：punct（刺）+ual（…的）→像针刺那么准确→准时的

发音记忆：“碰个巧”→碰巧、刚好→准时的

[例] Please try to be more punctual in the future. 以后请尽量准时。

prohibit/ prəˋhIbIt /vt. 禁止，阻止

[记] 词根记忆：pro（向前）+hibit（拿住）→提前拿住→禁止，阻止

[考] prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

overcome/ ˌəʊvəˋkʌm /v. 战胜，克服，胜过

[记] 来自词组come over（战胜，支配）

[例] If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty. 只要我们有毅力，就能克服任何困难。

address/ əˋdres /n. 地址

[例] The actress told her friends her new address and hoped they could come to visit her. 那个女演员告诉了朋友们她的新地址，希望他们能够来做客。

donate/ dəʊˋneIt /v. 捐赠，赠送

[记] 词根记忆：don（给予）+ate（动词后缀）→给出去→捐赠，赠送

[例] The school calls on the students to donate their blood voluntarily. 学校号召学生义务献血。

focus/ ˋfəʊkəs /v. 聚焦，集中 n. 中心，焦点

[考] focus on... 集中于…，专注于…： The passage focuses on examination and equity. 这篇文章的主题是考试与公平。

disadvantage / ˌdIsədˋvɑːntIdʒ /

n. 不利条件；弱点

[记] 词根记忆：dis（不）+advantage（有利条件） →不利条件

[例] the advantages and disadvantages 利弊

matter/ ˋmætə /n. 事情，物质；原因 vi. 要紧，有重大关系

[用] no matter无论（与疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句）： No matter where you go, I will follow you. 无论你去哪儿，我都会跟着你。

[例] What's the matter? 什么事？// It doesn't matter to me what you do. 你做什么对我并不重要。

[考] 1. as a matter of fact 实际上 2. It doesn't matter. 不要紧，没关系。（用于回答别人的道歉）

especially/ Iˋspeʃəli /adv. 特别，尤其

[记] 来自especial（adj. 特别的）

[例] You should improve your English, especially your spoken English. 你应该提高你的英语水平，尤其是口语。

wear/ weə /v.（wore, worn, wearing） 穿，戴；留，蓄；磨损，使变旧

[例] He always wears green. 他总是穿着绿色的衣服。// John likes to wear long hair. 约翰喜欢留长发。

[考] 1. wear down 磨损，损耗 2. wear out（经常用于被动语态be worn out） 穿破；使累坏： We were worn out by this hard work. 这项艰苦的工作弄得我们筋疲力尽。

[参] wearable（adj. 可穿的；耐磨的）；wearer（n. 穿戴者，佩带者）；worn（adj. 用旧的；疲倦的）

about/ əˋbaʊt /adv. 大约；到处，周围 prep. 关于；在附近，在周围

[用] 1. be about to do... 将要（正打算） 做某事： I was just about to leave when the phone rang. 我刚要走，电话铃响了。注意：be about to do不能与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。2. How/What about...？ …怎么样？（表示建议）： What about getting a pet? 养只宠物好吗？

[例] He is somewhere about the office. 他在办公室附近。// He likes reading books about travelling. 他喜欢读关于旅行的书。

[考] 1. talk about 谈论，议论 2. think about 考虑 3. hear about 听说 4. know about 了解，知道 5. look about 四处观看

praise/ preIz /n./vt. 赞扬，表扬

[记] 词根记忆：prais（价值）+e→称赞有价值→赞扬

联想记忆：p+raise（提高）→业绩提高，受到表扬

[考] praise sb. for sth. 因某事而表扬某人： The police officer was praised for his bravery. 这名警官因为英勇而受到表扬。

but/ bʌt /conj. 但是，可是 prep. 除了，除…外

[考] 1. not only... but（also） ... 不但…而且…： She is not only beautiful but bright. 她不仅漂亮而且聪明。2. not... but... 不是…而是… 3. but for 要不是： But for my brother's help, I would not have finished. 要不是我哥哥帮忙，我是无法完成的。

afraid/ əˋfreId /adj. 害怕的，恐惧的

[用] 1. be afraid of（doing） sth.害怕…（忧虑某事可能导致的后果） ： Are you afraid of dogs? 你怕狗吗？ 2. be afraid to do sth. 因害怕而不敢做某事： Billy was afraid to go into the cave. 比利怕进山洞。 3. be afraid +从句 害怕…，担心…： I'm afraid I might get hurt. 我担心我会受到伤害。 4. I'm afraid so/not. 恐怕（不）是这样： — Is he badly hurt? — I'm afraid so. — 他伤得很重吗？— 恐怕是的。

[参] frightened（adj. 害怕的，受惊的）；scared（adj. 恐惧的）

family/ ˋfæməli /n. 家；家人

[例] All my family like watching movies. 我的家人都喜欢看电影。

health/ helθ /n. 健康，卫生

[记] 联想记忆： 健康（health） 是最大的财富（wealth）

[例] He is in poor health. 他的健康状况很差。

[参] healthy（adj. 健康的，健壮的）；healthful（adj. 有益于健康的）；unhealthy（adj. 不健康的，对健康有害的）

or/ ɔː /conj. 或者；还是，否则

[例] I just don't care about whether you believe it or not. 我才不在乎你信不信呢。

[考] 1. either... or... 或者…或者… 2. or so 大约，左右： It will cost $50 or so. 它大约要花50美元。

distance/ ˋdIstəns /n. 距离

[记] 来自distant（adj. 在远处的）

[例] a distance of 20 kilometers 20千米的距离 // The distance between bus stops is too long. 公交车站之间的距离太远了。

[考] 1. at a distance 隔一段距离 2. in the distance 在远处

take/ teIk /v.（took, taken, taking） 拿走；接受，接纳

[用] 1. take表示“做或进行”时，可以和许多名词搭配：take a photo 拍照片 // take a test 参加考试 // take a shower 洗个澡 // take a rest 休息一下 // take a look at... 看一看… 2. take表示“花费、需要”时，其主语可以是人，也可以是物，并常用形式主语句型： It takes/took（sb.） some time/money to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多少时间/金钱： It will take me hours to do this work. 我得花好几个小时才能做完这项工作。

[例] Don't forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带上你的雨伞。// take action 采取行动 // take medicine 吃药 // take the bus 乘公共汽车 // You should take her advice. 你应当接受她的建议。

[考] 1. take advantage of... 利用… 2. take away 拿走，夺走 3. take care of... 照顾… 4. take charge of... 负责… 5. take one's time 不用着急，慢慢来 6. take it easy 放松；不要着急 7. take part in... 参加… 8. take up... 占用… 占据… 9. take off 起飞；脱下 10. take place 发生 11. take over... 接管… 12. take trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦做某事

leave/ liːv /v.（left, left, leaving） 离开；留下；遗忘

[用] 1. leave 表示“让…处于某种状态”时，接复合宾语，宾补是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、介词短语等： Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth. 你刷牙时不要让水一直流着。2. 表示把某物“忘在某地方”时，用leave, 不可用forget: I left my bag at home. 我把包忘在家里了。

[考] 1. leave for... 前往…，去… 2. leave out 遗漏；不考虑 3. leave alone 不管，不理会

guidance/ ˋgaIdns /n. 引导，指导

[记] 联想记忆：guid（看作guide, 指引，指导） +ance（名词后缀） →指引，指导

[例] marriage guidance service 婚姻咨询服务

importance/ Imˋpɔːtns /n. 重要性

[例] They place great importance on children getting good study results. 他们十分重视孩子取得优异的学习成绩。

单元自测题

1. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working here.（2008全国2卷）

A. with

B. over

C. a

D. about

2. If we ______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.（2010 陕西）

A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

3. — Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, Mom?

— ______ Wait till you are old enough, dear.（2010全国1卷）

A. Will you?

B. Why not?

C. I hope so.

D. I'm afraid not.

4. I can't say which wine is best — it's a（n） ______ of personal taste.（2007山东）

A. affair

B. event

C. matter

D. variety

5. Start out right away, ______ you'll miss the first train.（2006四川）

A. and

B. but

C. or

D. while

6. It's always difficult to be in a foreign country, ______ if you don't speak the language.

A. extremely

B. naturally

C. basically

D. especially

7. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ______ more on its culture.（2010江苏）

A. focus

B. focused

C. would focus

D. had focused

8. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.（2008湖北）

A. bring out

B. let out

C. leave out

D. make out

9. — What do you think of the movie?

— It's fantastic. The only pity is that I ______ the beginning of it.（2009浙江）

A. missed

B. had missed

C. miss

D. would miss

10. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ______ evening dress.（2010全国2卷）

A. wear

B. wears

C. has worn

D. have worn

11. Although she was ______ by her husband's death, she was determined ______ on working.

A. deeply shocked; to go

B. deeply shocked; on going

C. shocked deeply; to go

D. shocked deeply; on going

12. Practising Chinese kung fu cannot only ______ one's strength, but also develop one's character.（2009浙江）

A. bring up

B. take up

C. build up

D. pull up

13. The little boy won't go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story.（2010全国1卷）

A. or

B. unless

C. but

D. whether

14. — Dad!Tom's broken a glass!

— ______. Accidents will happen.（2007四川）

A. No way

B. Doesn't matter

C. No trouble at all

D. Don't mention it

15. Stand over there ______ you'll be able to see the oil painting better.（2008全国2卷）

A. but

B. till

C. and

D. or

答案：DBDCC DBCAB ACBBC