2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

Section I　Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is　1　a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has　2　.

The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted　3　1,932 unique subjects which　4　pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both　5　.

While 1% may seem　6　， it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even　7　their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who　8　our kin.”

The study　9　found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now.　10　， as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more　11　it. There could be many mechanisms working together that　12　us in choosing genetically similar friends　13　“functional kinship” of being friends with　14　!

One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving　15　than other genes. Studying this could help　16　why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major　17　factor.

The findings do not simply explain people's　18　to befriend those of similar　19　backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to　20　that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects. (289 words)

1. [A] what　[B] why　[C] how　[D] when

2. [A] defended　[B] concluded　[C] withdrawn　[D] advised

3. [A] for　[B] with　[C] by　[D] on

4. [A] separated　[B] sought　[C] compared　[D] connected

5. [A] tests　[B] objects　[C] samples　[D] examples

6. [A] insignificant　[B] unexpected　[C] unreliable　[D] incredible

7. [A] visit　[B] miss　[C] know　[D] seek

8. [A] surpass　[B] influence　[C] favor　[D] resemble

9. [A] again　[B] also　[C] instead　[D] thus

10. [A] Meanwhile　[B] Furthermore　[C] Likewise　[D] Perhaps

11. [A] about　[B] to　[C] from　[D] like

12. [A] limit　[B] observe　[C] confuse　[D] drive

13. [A] according to　[B] rather than　[C] regardless of　[D] along with

14. [A] chances　[B] responses　[C] benefits　[D] missions

15. [A] faster　[B] slower　[C] later　[D] earlier

16. [A] forecast　[B] remember　[C] express　[D] understand

17. [A] unpredictable　[B] contributory　[C] controllable　[D] disruptive

18. [A] tendency　[B] decision　[C] arrangement　[D] endeavor

19. [A] political　[B] religious　[C] ethnic　[D] economic

20. [A] see　[B] show　[C] prove　[D] tell