第20章

I am no friend of the people.As a force, by which the tenor of the time is conditioned, they inspire me with distrust, with fear; as a visible multitude, they make me shrink aloof, and often move me to abhorrence.For the greater part of my life, the people signified to me the London crowd, and no phrase of temperate meaning would utter my thoughts of them under that aspect.The people as country-folk are little known to me; such glimpses as I have had of them do not invite to nearer acquaintance.Every instinct of my being is anti-democratic, and I dread to think of what our England may become when Demos rules irresistibly.

Right or wrong, this is my temper.But he who should argue from it that I am intolerant of all persons belonging to a lower social rank than my own would go far astray.Nothing is more rooted in my mind than the vast distinction between the individual and the class.

Take a man by himself, and there is generally some reason to be found in him, some disposition for good; mass him with his fellows in the social organism, and ten to one he becomes a blatant creature, without a thought of his own, ready for any evil to which contagion prompts him.It is because nations tend to stupidity and baseness that mankind moves so slowly; it is because individuals have a capacity for better things that it moves at all.

In my youth, looking at this man and that, I marvelled that humanity had made so little progress.Now, looking at men in the multitude, I marvel that they have advanced so far.

Foolishly arrogant as I was, I used to judge the worth of a person by his intellectual power and attainment.I could see no good where there was no logic, no charm where there was no learning.Now Ithink that one has to distinguish between two forms of intelligence, that of the brain, and that of the heart, and I have come to regard the second as by far the more important.I guard myself against saying that intelligence does not matter; the fool is ever as noxious as he is wearisome.But assuredly the best people I have known were saved from folly not by the intellect but by the heart.

They come before me, and I see them greatly ignorant, strongly prejudiced, capable of the absurdest mis-reasoning; yet their faces shine with the supreme virtues, kindness, sweetness, modesty, generosity.Possessing these qualities, they at the same time understand how to use them; they have the intelligence of the heart.

This poor woman who labours for me in my house is even such a one.

From the first I thought her an unusually good servant; after three years of acquaintance, I find her one of the few women I have known who merit the term of excellent.She can read and write--that is all.More instruction would, I am sure, have harmed her, for it would have confused her natural motives, without supplying any clear ray of mental guidance.She is fulfilling the offices for which she was born, and that with a grace of contentment, a joy of conscientiousness, which puts her high among civilized beings.Her delight is in order and in peace; what greater praise can be given to any of the children of men?

The other day she told me a story of the days gone by.Her mother, at the age of twelve, went into domestic service; but on what conditions, think you? The girl's father, an honest labouring man, PAID the person whose house she entered one shilling a week for her instruction in the duties she wished to undertake.What a grinning stare would come to the face of any labourer nowadays, who should be asked to do the like! I no longer wonder that my housekeeper so little resembles the average of her kind.