第139章

Look at the worldly and all who set themselves up above the people of God; has not God's image and His truth been distorted in them? They have science; but in science there is nothing but what is the object of sense.The spiritual world, the higher part of man's being is rejected altogether, dismissed with a sort of triumph, even with hatred.The world has proclaimed the reign of freedom, especially of late, but what do we see in this freedom of theirs? Nothing but slavery and self-destruction! For the world says:

"You have desires and so satisfy them, for you have the same rights as the most rich and powerful.Don't be afraid of satisfying them and even multiply your desires." That is the modern doctrine of the world.In that they see freedom.And what follows from this right of multiplication of desires? In the rich, isolation and spiritual suicide; in the poor, envy and murder; for they have been given rights, but have not been shown the means of satisfying their wants.They maintain that the world is getting more and more united, more and more bound together in brotherly community, as it overcomes distance and sets thoughts flying through the air.

Alas, put no faith in such a bond of union.Interpreting freedom as the multiplication and rapid satisfaction of desires, men distort their own nature, for many senseless and foolish desires and habits and ridiculous fancies are fostered in them.They live only for mutual envy, for luxury and ostentation.To have dinners visits, carriages, rank, and slaves to wait on one is looked upon as a necessity, for which life, honour and human feeling are sacrificed, and men even commit suicide if they are unable to satisfy it.We see the same thing among those who are not rich, while the poor drown their unsatisfied need and their envy in drunkenness.But soon they will drink blood instead of wine, they are being led on to it.I ask you is such a man free? I knew one "champion of freedom" who told me himself that, when he was deprived of tobacco in prison, he was so wretched at the privation that he almost went and betrayed his cause for the sake of getting tobacco again! And such a man says, "I am fighting for the cause of humanity."How can such a one fight? What is he fit for? He is capable perhaps of some action quickly over, but he cannot hold out long.

And it's no wonder that instead of gaining freedom they have sunk into slavery, and instead of serving, the cause of brotherly love and the union of humanity have fallen, on the contrary, into dissension and isolation, as my mysterious visitor and teacher said to me in my youth.And therefore the idea of the service of humanity, of brotherly love and the solidarity of mankind, is more and more dying out in the world, and indeed this idea is sometimes treated with derision.

For how can a man shake off his habits? What can become of him if he is in such bondage to the habit of satisfying the innumerable desires he has created for himself? He is isolated, and what concern has he with the rest of humanity? They have succeeded in accumulating a greater mass of objects, but the joy in the world has grown less.

The monastic way is very different.Obedience, fasting, and prayer are laughed at, yet only through them lies the way to real, true freedom.I cut off my superfluous and unnecessary desires, I subdue my proud and wanton will and chastise it with obedience, and with God's help I attain freedom of spirit and with it spiritual joy.Which is most capable of conceiving a great idea and serving it- the rich in his isolation or the man who has freed himself from the tyranny of material things and habits? The monk is reproached for his solitude, "You have secluded yourself within the walls of the monastery for your own salvation, and have forgotten the brotherly service of humanity!" But we shall see which will be most zealous in the cause of brotherly love.For it is not we, but they, who are in isolation, though they don't see that.Of old, leaders of the people came from among us, and why should they not again? The same meek and humble ascetics will rise up and go out to work for the great cause.The salvation of Russia comes from the people.And the Russian monk has always been on the side of the people.We are isolated only if the people are isolated.The people believe as we do, and an unbelieving reformer will never do anything in Russia, even if he is sincere in heart and a genius.Remember that! The people will meet the atheist and overcome him, and Russia will be one and orthodox.Take care of the peasant and guard his heart.Go on educating him quietly.That's your duty as monks, for the peasant has God in his heart.

(f) Of Masters and Servants, and of whether it is possible for them to be Brothers in the Spirit.

Of course, I don't deny that there is sin in the peasants too.And the fire of corruption is spreading visibly, hourly, working from above downwards.The spirit of isolation is coming upon the people too.Money-lenders and devourers of the commune are rising up.Already the merchant grows more and more eager for rank, and strives to show himself cultured though he has not a trace of culture, and to this end meanly despises his old traditions, and is even ashamed of the faith of his fathers.He visits princes, though he is only a peasant corrupted.The peasants are rotting in drunkenness and cannot shake off the habit.And what cruelty to their wives, to their children even! All from drunkenness! I've seen in the factories children of nine years old, frail, rickety, bent and already depraved.The stuffy workshop, the din of machinery, work all day long, the vile language and the drink, the drink- is that what a little child's heart needs? He needs sunshine, childish play, good examples all about him, and at least a little love.There must be no more of this, monks, no more torturing of children, rise up and preach that, make haste, make haste!