第16章

[8]. Léonce de Lavergne， "économie Rurale en France，" p.24. -Perin， "La Jeunesse de Robespierre，" (Statements of grievances in Artois)， p.317. ( In French "cahiers des doleances" - statements of local complaints and expectations - prepared all over France for use by their delegates for the ètats Generaux. SR.)[9]. Boiteau， "état de la France en 1789，" p.47. Voltaire， "Politique et Legislation，" the petition of the serfs of St. Claude.

[10]. Necker， "De l'Administration des Finances，" II. 272.

[11]. De Bouillé， "Mémoires，" p.41. It must not be forgotten that these figures must be doubled to show corresponding sums of the present day. 10，000 livres (francs) rental in 1766 equal in value 20，000 in 1825. (Madame de Genlis， "Memoirs，" chap. IX). Arthur Young， visiting a chateau in Seine-et-Marne， writes： "I have been speaking to Madame de Guerchy； and I have learned from this conversation that to live in a chateau like this with six men servants， five maids， eight horses， a garden and a regular table， with company， but never go to Paris， might be done for 1，000 louis per annum. It would in England cost 2，000. At the present day in France 24，000 francs would be 50，000 and more." Arthur Young adds： "There are gentlemen (noblesse) that live in this country on 6，000 or 8000 and keep two men， two maids， three horses and a cabriolet." To do this nowadays would require from 20，000 to 25，000. - It has become much more expensive， especially due to the rail-ways， to live in the provinces. "According to my friends du Rouergue，" he says again， "Icould live at Milhau with my family in the greatest abundance on 100louis (2，000 francs)； there are noble families supporting themselves on revenues of fifty and even twenty-five louis." At Milhau， to day， prices are triple and even quadruple. - In Paris， a house in the Rue St. Honore which was rented for 6，000 francs in 1787 is now rented for 16，000 francs.

[12]. "Rapports de l'Agence du clergé de 1780 à 1785." In relation to the feudal rights the abolition of which is demanded in Boncerf's work， the chancellor Séguier said in 1775： "Our Kings have themselves declared that they are， fortunately， impotent to make any attack on property."[13]. Léonce de Lavergne， "Les Assemblées provinciales，" p.296.

Report of M. Schwendt on Alsace in 1787. - Warroquier， "Etat de la France en 1789，" I.541. - Necker， "De l'Administration des Finances，"I. 19， 102. - Turgot， (collection of economists)， "Réponse aux observations du garde des sceaux sur la suppression des corvées，" I.

559.

[14]. This term embraces various taxes originating in feudal times， and rendered particularly burdensome to the peasantry through the management of the privileged classes. -TR.

[15]. The arpent measures between one and one and a half acres. -TR[16]. De Tocqueville， "L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution，" p. 406.

"The inhabitants of Montbazon had subjected to taxation the stewards of the duchy which belonged to the Prince de Rohan. This prince caused this abuse to be stopped and succeeded in recovering the sum of 5，344livres which he had been made to pay unlawfully under this right"[17]. Necker， "Administration des Finances：" ordinary taxation (la taille) produced 91 millions； les vingtièmes 76，500，000； the capitation tax 41，500，000.

[18]. Raudot， "La France avant la Révolution，" p. 51. - De Bouillé， "Mémoires，" p. 44. - Necker， "De 1'Administration des Finances，" II， p. 181. The above relates to what was called the clergy of France， (116 dioceses). The clergy called foreign， consisted of that of the three bishoprics and of the regions conquered since Louis XIV； it had a separate régime and paid somewhat like the nobles. - The décimes which the clergy of France levied on its property amounted to a sum of 10，500，000 livres.